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Short-term changes in total heavy metal concentration and bacterial community composition after replicated and heavy application of pig manure-based compost in an organic vegetable production system

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Abstract

A 4-month field experiment was conducted in an organic vegetable production system; two crops, Brassica chinensis and Cichorium endivia L., were cultivated successively and treated with 0 (CKC), 30 (PC1), 60 (PC2), or 120 (PC3) t ha−1 of pig manure-based compost. The replicated and heavy application of pig manure-based compost increased the total amounts of some heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd) in the short term in soil. Despite the Shannon (bacterial diversity), Chao1 (richness), and evenness indices of different samples calculated after pyrosequencing analysis were similar, changes occurred in the bacterial community composition in soils amended with different rates of compost. The joint cluster and principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that heavy rates of compost may not change bacterial diversity in the short term and, in some cases, even produce a lower genetic diversity. The optimum rate, as well as the period, for compost application should be evaluated to promote the sustainable development of organic agriculture.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Youth Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20130101), the Specialized Public Welfare Fund of Environmental Protection (201209036 and 201309036), and the Major Project of National Science and Technology (2014ZX07206001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu, China

    Wei Tian, Zhenhua Zhang, Xiaofeng Hu, Ran Tian, Jibing Zhang, Xingji Xiao & Yunguan Xi

  2. Organic Food Development Center of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu, China

    Wei Tian, Xiaofeng Hu, Ran Tian, Jibing Zhang, Xingji Xiao & Yunguan Xi

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  1. Wei Tian
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  2. Zhenhua Zhang
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  3. Xiaofeng Hu
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  4. Ran Tian
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  6. Xingji Xiao
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Correspondence to Jibing Zhang or Yunguan Xi.

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Fig. s1

Dry weights of Brassica chinensis and Cichorium endivia L. from different treatments. CKC is the untreated soil; PC1 is the soil treated with 30 t pig manure-based compost ha−1 crop−1; PC2 is the soil treated with 60 t pig manure-based compost ha−1 crop−1; PC3 is the soil treated with 120 t pig manure-based compost ha−1 crop−1. The numbers indicate the replicates of each treatment. Different letters indicate statistically different numbers between treatments (p < 0.05). (GIF 7 kb)

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Tian, W., Zhang, Z., Hu, X. et al. Short-term changes in total heavy metal concentration and bacterial community composition after replicated and heavy application of pig manure-based compost in an organic vegetable production system. Biol Fertil Soils 51, 593–603 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-015-1005-4

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