Skip to main content
Log in

Enriching a motion database by analogous combination of partial human motions

  • Original Article
  • Published:
The Visual Computer Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We have synthesized new human body motions from existing motion data, by dividing the body of an animated character into several parts, such as upper and lower body, and partitioning the motion of the character into corresponding partial motions. By combining different partial motions, we can generate new motion sequences. We select the most natural-looking combinations by analyzing the similarity of partial motions, using techniques such as motion segmentation, dimensionality reduction, and clustering. These new combinations can dramatically increase the size of a motion database, allowing more score in selecting motions to meet constraints, such as collision avoidance. We verify the naturalness and physical plausibility of the new motions using an SVM learning model and by analysis of static and dynamic balance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Amaya, K., Bruderlin, A., Calvert, T.: Emotion from motion. In: Proceedings of the Graphics Interface ’96, pp. 222–229 (1996)

  2. Arikan, O., Forsyth, D.A.: Interactive motion generation from examples. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’02, pp. 483–490 (2002)

  3. Arikan, O., Forsyth, D.A., O’Brien, J.F.: Motion synthesis from annotations. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’03, pp. 402–408 (2003)

  4. Barbic, J., Safonova, A., Pan, J.Y., Faloutsos, C., Hodgins, J., Pollard, N.: Segmenting motion capture data into distinct behaviors. In: Proceedings of the Graphics Interface ’04, pp. 185–194 (2004)

  5. Brand, M., Hertzmann: Style machines. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’00, pp. 183–192 (2000)

  6. Bruderlin, A., Williams, L.: Motion signal processing. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’95, pp. 97–104 (1995)

  7. Burges, C.: A tutorial on support vector machines for pattern recognition. Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery 2(2), 955–974 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Featherstone, R.: Robot Dynamics Algorithms. Kluwer, Boston (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Gleicher, M.: Motion editing with spacetime constraints. In: Proceedings of the 1997 Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics (SI3D ’97), pp. 139–ff (1997)

  10. Gleicher, M.: Retargeting motion to new characters. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’98, pp. 105–108 (1998)

  11. Gleicher, M.: Motion path editing. In: Proceedings of the 2001 Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics (SI3D ’01), pp. 195–202 (2002)

  12. Gose, E., Johnsonbaugh, R., Jost, S.: Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis. Prentice Hall (1996)

  13. Grochow, K., Martin, S.L., Hertzmann, A., Popovic, Z.: Style-based inverse kinematics. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’04, pp. 522–531 (2004)

  14. Hsu, E., Pulli, K., Popovic: Style translation for human motion. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’05, pp. 1082–1089 (2005)

  15. Ikemoto, L., Forsyth, D.A.: Enriching a motion collection by transplanting limbs. In: Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation (SCA ’04), pp. 99–108 (2004)

  16. Jolliffe, I.: Principal Components Analysis. Springer (1986)

  17. Kim, T., Park, S.I., Shin, S.Y.: Rhythmic-motion synthesis based on motion-beat analysis. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’03, pp. 392–401 (2003)

  18. Kovar, L., Gleicher, M.: Automated extraction and parameterization of motions in large data sets. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’04, pp. 559–568 (2004)

  19. Kovar, L., Gleicher, M., Pighin, F.: Motion graphs. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’02, pp. 473–482 (2002)

  20. Kovar, L., Schreiner, J., Gleicher, M.: Footskate cleanup for motion capture editing. In: Proceedings of the 2002 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation (SCA ’02), pp. 97–104 (2002)

  21. Kwon, T., Shin, S.Y.: Motion modeling for on-line locomotion synthesis. In: Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation (SCA ’05), pp. 29–38 (2005)

  22. Lee, J., Chai, J., Reitsma, P., Hodgins, J., Pollard, N.: Interactive control of avatars animated with human motion data. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’02, pp. 491–500 (2002)

  23. Lee, J., Shin, S.Y.: A hierarchical approach to interactive motion editing for human-like figures. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’99, pp. 39–48 (1999)

  24. Lee, K.H., Choi, M.G., Lee, J.: Motion patches: building blocks for virtual environments annotated with motion data. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’06, pp. 898–906 (2006)

  25. Li, Y., Wang, T., Shum, H.Y.: Motion textures: a two-level statistical model for character motion synthesis. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’02, pp. 465–472 (2002)

  26. Moradoff, S., Lischinski, D.: Constrained synthesis of textual motion for articulated characters. Visual Comput. 20, 253–265 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Pullen, K., Bregler, C.: Motion capture assisted animation: texturing and synthesis. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’02, pp. 501–508 (2002)

  28. Reitsma, P.S., Pollard, N.S.: Evaluating motion graphs for character navigation. In: Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation (SCA ’04), pp. 89–98 (2004)

  29. Rose, C., Cohen, M.F., Bodenheimer, B.: Verbs and adverbs: multidimensional motion interpolation. IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. 18(5), pp. 32–40 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Safonova, A., Hodgins, J.K.: Analyzing the physical correctness of interpolated human motion. In: Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation (SCA ’05), pp. 171–180 (2005)

  31. Safonova, A., Hodgins, J.K., Pollard, N.S.: Synthesizing physically realistic human motion in low-dimensional, behavior-specific spaces. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’04, pp. 514–521 (2004)

  32. Schodl, A., Szeliski, R., Salesin, D.H., Essa, I.: Video textures. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’00, pp. 195–202 (2000)

  33. Seyoon, T., Hyeong-Seok, K.: A physically-based motion retargeting filter. ACM Trans. Graph. 24(1), 98–117 (2005) (DOI http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1037957.1037963)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Shoemake, K.: Animating rotation with quaternion curves. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’85, pp. 245–254 (1985)

  35. Unuma, M., Anjyo, K., Takeuchi, R.: Fourier principles for emotion-based human figure animation. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’95, pp. 91–96 (1995)

  36. Borovac, B., Surla, D., Vukobratovic, M., Stoki, D.C.: Biped Locomotion: Dynamics, Stability, Control and Application. Springer, Berlin (1990)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  37. Witkin, A., Popovic, Z.: Motion warping. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH ’95, pp. 105–108 (1995)

  38. Zelnik-Manor, L., Irani, M.: Statistical analysis of dynamic actions. Accepted for publication in IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell. (PAMI)

  39. Zelnik-Manor, L., Irani, M.: Event-based analysis of video. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR ’01) (2001)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to In-Kwon Lee.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Jang, WS., Lee, WK., Lee, IK. et al. Enriching a motion database by analogous combination of partial human motions . Visual Comput 24, 271–280 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-007-0200-1

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-007-0200-1

Keywords

Navigation