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Wave-induced sediment mobility on a morphologically complex continental shelf: eastern Brazilian shelf

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Abstract

Wave-induced sediment mobility and transport are important issues regarding seabed stability and sediment balance on continental shelves. This study compares the near-bed velocity induced by waves with the critical orbital velocity for sediment mobility to determine the threshold exceedance for non-cohesive sediment motion on a portion of the eastern Brazilian continental shelf. Based on a 13-year wave time series, dominant wave climate has been used as boundary conditions in a wave propagation model. The region presents complex continental shelf morphology, varying north to south from a narrow shelf with coastal parallel isobaths to a wide shelf with irregular isobaths. The wave orbital velocities, which vary from 0 to 1.4 m s−1, are capable of mobilizing sediment across almost the entire continental shelf area, since the critical bottom sediment velocity required for potential sediment mobility varies from 0.11 to 0.13 m s−1 Such findings are of great relevance to gain a better understanding of the sediment dynamics in this area that hosts several reef banks, and that has been recently affected by a large environmental disaster through the failure of a tailing dam that resulted in an increase in contaminated sediments that have spread into the ocean.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for the scholarship provided to Ana Amelia Lavenère-Wanderley. Eduardo Siegle is a CNPq research fellow. Authors are grateful to Fibria that provided the measured wave data used in the numerical model calibration. These data were obtained by Fibria through monitoring programs required by the Federal Environmental Licensing process (IBAMA). The authors also thank DHI for making the numerical model MIKE21 available for this study.

Funding

The study was also partially funded by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brazil (CAPES - Finance Code 001).

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  1. Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, São Paulo, SP, 05508-120, Brazil

    Ana Amélia Lavenère-Wanderley & Eduardo Siegle

  2. Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil

    Ana Amélia Lavenère-Wanderley

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  1. Ana Amélia Lavenère-Wanderley
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Lavenère-Wanderley, A.A., Siegle, E. Wave-induced sediment mobility on a morphologically complex continental shelf: eastern Brazilian shelf. Geo-Mar Lett 39, 349–361 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-019-00580-4

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