Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Multi-camera volumetric PIV for the study of jumping fish

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Experiments in Fluids Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Archer fish accurately jump multiple body lengths for aerial prey from directly below the free surface. Multiple fins provide combinations of propulsion and stabilization, enabling prey capture success. Volumetric flow field measurements are crucial to characterizing multi-propulsor interactions during this highly three-dimensional maneuver; however, the fish’s behavior also drives unique experimental constraints. Measurements must be obtained in close proximity to the water’s surface and in regions of the flow field which are partially-occluded by the fish body. Aerial jump trajectories must also be known to assess performance. This article describes experiment setup and processing modifications to the three-dimensional synthetic aperture particle image velocimetry (SAPIV) technique to address these challenges and facilitate experimental measurements on live jumping fish. The performance of traditional SAPIV algorithms in partially-occluded regions is characterized, and an improved non-iterative reconstruction routine for SAPIV around bodies is introduced. This reconstruction procedure is combined with three-dimensional imaging on both sides of the free surface to reveal the fish’s three-dimensional wake, including a series of propulsive vortex rings generated by the tail. In addition, wake measurements from the anal and dorsal fins indicate their stabilizing and thrust-producing contributions as the archer fish jumps.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adhikari D, Longmire EK (2012) Visual hull method for tomographic PIV measurement of flow around moving objects. Exp Fluids 53(4):943–964

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Adhikari D, Longmire EK (2013) Infrared tomographic PIV and 3D motion tracking system applied to aquatic predator–prey interaction. Meas Sci Technol 24(2):024011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Adhikari D, Webster DR, Yen J (2016) Portable tomographic PIV measurements of swimming shelled antarctic pteropods. Exp Fluids 57(12):180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Atkinson C, Soria J (2009) An efficient simultaneous reconstruction technique for tomographic particle image velocimetry. Exp Fluids 47(4–5):553

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bajpayee A, Techet AH (2015) Towards an appropriate reconstruction accuracy metric for synthetic aperture PIV. In: Proceedings of the 11th international symposium on particle image velocimetry

  • Bajpayee A, Techet AH (2017) Fast volume reconstruction for 3D PIV. Exp Fluids 58(8):95

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bartol IK, Krueger PS, Jastrebsky RA, Williams S, Thompson JT (2016) Volumetric flow imaging reveals the importance of vortex ring formation in squid swimming tail-first and arms-first. J Exp Biol 219(3):392–403

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bekof f M, Dorr R (1976) Predation by shooting in archer fish, Toxotes jaculatrix: accuracy and sequences. B Psychonom Soc 7(2):167–168

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Belden J (2013) Calibration of multi-camera systems with refractive interfaces. Exp Fluids 54(2):1463

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Belden J, Truscott TT, Axiak MC, Techet AH (2010) Three-dimensional synthetic aperture particle image velocimetry. Meas Sci Technol 21(12):125403

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Belden J, Ravela S, Truscott TT, Techet AH (2012) Three-dimensional bubble field resolution using synthetic aperture imaging: application to a plunging jet. Exp Fluids 53(3):839–861

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Borazjani I (2013) The functional role of caudal and anal/dorsal fins during the C-start of a bluegill sunfish. J Exp Biol 216(9):1658–1669

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bradski G et al (2000) The opencv library. Dr Dobbs J 25(11):120–126

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis BD, Dill LM (2012) Intraspecific kleptoparasitism and counter-tactics in the archerfish (Toxotes chatareus). Behaviour 149(13–14):1367–1394

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elsinga GE, Scarano F, Wieneke B, van Oudheusden BW (2006) Tomographic particle image velocimetry. Exp Fluids 41(6):933–947

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elsinga GE, Westerweel J, Scarano F, Novara M (2011) On the velocity of ghost particles and the bias errors in tomographic-PIV. Exp Fluids 50(4):825–838

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flammang BE, Lauder GV, Troolin DR, Strand TE (2011) Volumetric imaging of fish locomotion. Biol Lett 7(5):695–698

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia D (2011) A fast all-in-one method for automated post-processing of PIV data. Exp Fluids 50(5):1247–1259

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hedrick TL (2008) Software techniques for two-and three-dimensional kinematic measurements of biological and biomimetic systems. Bioinspir Biomim 3(3):034001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang H, Dabiri D, Gharib M (1997) On errors of digital particle image velocimetry. Meas Sci Technol 8(12):1427

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lauder GV (2015) Flexible fins and fin rays as key transformations in ray-finned fishes. Great Transf Vertebr Evol 31

  • Maas HG, Westfeld P, Putze T, Bøtkjær N, Kitzhofer J, Brücker C (2009) Photogrammetric techniques in multi-camera tomographic PIV. In: Proceedings of the 8th international symposium on particle image velocimetry, pp 25–28

  • Malkiel E, Sheng J, Katz J, Strickler JR (2003) The three-dimensional flow field generated by a feeding calanoid copepod measured using digital holography. J Exp Biol 206(20):3657–3666

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mendelson L, Techet AH (2015) Quantitative wake analysis of a freely swimming fish using 3D synthetic aperture PIV. Exp Fluids 56(7):1–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Michaelis D, Novara M, Scarano F, Wieneke B (2010) Comparison of volume reconstruction techniques at different particle densities. In: 15th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics, pp 3–17

  • Murphy DW, Adhikari D, Webster DR, Yen J (2016) Underwater flight by the planktonic sea butterfly. J Exp Biol 219(4):535–543

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rischawy I, Blum M, Schuster S (2015) Competition drives sophisticated hunting skills of archerfish in the wild. Curr Biol 25(14):R595–R597

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rival DE, Van Oudheusden B (2017) Load-estimation techniques for unsteady incompressible flows. Exp Fluids 58(3):20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rother C, Kolmogorov V, Blake A (2004) Grabcut: interactive foreground extraction using iterated graph cuts. In: ACM transactions on graphics (TOG), ACM, vol 23, pp 309–314

  • Shih AM, Mendelson L, Techet AH (2017) Archer fish jumping prey capture: kinematics and hydrodynamics. J Exp Biol 220(8):1411–1422

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Standen EM, Lauder GV (2005) Dorsal and anal fin function in bluegill sunfish lepomis macrochirus: three-dimensional kinematics during propulsion and maneuvering. J Exp Biol 208(14):2753–2763

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sveen J (2004) An introduction to MatPIV v.1.6.1. eprint no. 2, ISSN 0809-4403, Dept. of Mathematics, University of Oslo, http://www.math.uio.no/~jks/matpiv

Download references

Acknowledgements

Funding for the high-speed camera array used in this study was provided by ONR DURIP Grant no. N00014-12-1-0787, monitored by Dr. Steven J. Russell. The authors acknowledge Dr. Tyler Caron, Dr. Steve Artim, Dr. Kathleen Scott, Nina Petelina, Aliza Abraham, and Andrea Lehn for assistance with archer fish husbandry.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Leah Mendelson

    Present address: Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Leah Mendelson & Alexandra H. Techet

Authors
  1. Leah Mendelson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Alexandra H. Techet
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Leah Mendelson.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Mendelson, L., Techet, A.H. Multi-camera volumetric PIV for the study of jumping fish. Exp Fluids 59, 10 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-017-2468-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-017-2468-x

Search

Navigation