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PIV-based load investigation in dynamic stall for different reduced frequencies

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Abstract

Measuring the aerodynamic loads on dynamic objects in small wind tunnels is often challenging. In this regard, fast-response particle image velocimetry (PIV) data are post-processed using advanced tools to calculate aerodynamic loads based on the control-volume approach. For dynamic stall phenomena, due to the existence of dynamic stall vortices and significant load changes over a short time interval, applying the control-volume technique is difficult in particular for drag estimation. In this study, an examination of the dynamic stall phenomena of an oscillating SD7037 airfoil is reported for a reduced frequency range of \(0.05\le k \le 0.12\) when \(Re=4\times 10^{4}\). A numerical simulation is utilized as an alternative method for comparison and agrees well with the experimental results. The results suggest that loads can be determined accurately if the spatial resolution satisfies the reduced frequency increment. Minimizing the control-volume works best for lift determination. For the drag calculation, it was found that the location of the downstream boundary should be placed where it was not disturbed with wake vortices. The high-velocity gradients of the wake vortices increase the error level along the downstream boundary for the drag calculation but not for the lift estimation. Beside the load calculation, high-resolution PIV velocity fields also reveal insights into the effects of reduced frequency on dynamic flow behavior including the pitch angle range for vortex growth (between vortex generation and pinch-off), phase delay and number of vortices. These observations agree well with the load curve behavior.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), the Ontario Centres of Excellence (OCE), the facilities of the Shared Hierarchical Academic Research Computing Network (SHARCNET) and Compute/Calcul Canada for their support. The assistance of Vivian Lam for the motion control setup and Mingyao Gu for taking PIV images is deeply appreciated.

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  1. University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada

    Kobra Gharali & David A. Johnson

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  1. Kobra Gharali
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  2. David A. Johnson
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Correspondence to David A. Johnson.

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Gharali, K., Johnson, D.A. PIV-based load investigation in dynamic stall for different reduced frequencies. Exp Fluids 55, 1803 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-014-1803-8

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