Abstract
A diesel jet visualisation based on an ultra-short light pulse and a time-resolved detection is proposed. An optical gate, consisting of a beta barium borate crystal, allows to separate ballistic, refractive and scattered light. An imaging pulse passes through the studied medium, while a gating pulse is used to open the gate. With this configuration, a spatial resolution of 10 μm and a temporal resolution of 270 fs are obtained. The gate duration is compatible with the typical dimensions of a liquid jet generated by a commercial automotive fuel injector. Preliminary results show that spatio-temporal diagrams of transmitted light through a spray may be acquired, showing clearly the separation between ballistic, refracted and scattered light.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abraham E, Bordenave E, Tsurumachi N, Jonusauskas G, Oberlé J, Rullière C, Mito A (2000) Real-time two-dimensional imaging in scattering media by use of a femtosecond Cr4 + : forsterite laser. Opt Lett 25:929–931
Berrocal E, Sedarsky DL, Paciaroni ME, Meglinski IV, Linne MA (2009) Laser light scattering in turbid media. Part II: spatial and temporal analysis of individual scattering orders via Monte Carlo simulation. Opt Exp 17:13792–13809
Berrocal E, Kristensson E, Hottenbach P, Grünefeld G and Aldén M (2011) Quantitative laser imaging of anon-reacting diesel spray using SLIPI. ILASS Americas, 23rd annual conference on liquid atomization and spray systems, Ventura, CA, USA
Calba C, Rozé C, Girasole T, Méès L (2006) Monte Carlo simulation of the interaction between an ultra-short pulse and a strongly scattering medium: the case of large particles. Opt Commun 265:373–382
Calba C, Méès L, Rozé C, Girasole T (2008) Ultra-short pulses propagation through a strongly scattering medium: simulation and experiments. J Opt Soc Am A 25(07):1541–1550
Farsiu S, Christofferson J, Eriksson B, Milanfar P, Friedlander B, Shakouri A, Nowak R (2007) Statistical detection and imaging of objects hidden in turbid media using ballistic photons. Appl Opt 46(23):5805–5822
Galland PA, Liang X, Wang L, Breisacher K, Liou L, Ho PP, Alfano RR (1995) Time-resolved optical imaging of jet sprays and droplets in highly scattering medium. Proc Am Soc Mech Eng HTD 321:585–588
Idlahcen S, Méès L, Rozé C, Girasole T, Blaisot JB (2009) Time gate, optical layout, and wavelength effects on ballistic imaging. J Opt Soc Am A 26:1995–2004
Kastengren AL, Powell CF, Wang YJ, Im KS and Wang J (2008) X-ray radiography measurements of diesel spray structure at engine-like ambient density. ILASS Americas, 21st annual conference on liquid atomization and spray systems, Orlando, FL, USA
Kristensson E, Berrocal E, Richter M, Aldén M (2010) Nanosecond structured laser illumination planar imaging for single-shot imaging of dense sprays. At Sprays 20:337–343
Kuditcher A, Hoover BG, Hehlen MP, Leith EN, Rand SC, Shih MP (2001) Cross-correlated harmonic imaging through scattering media. Appl Opt 40:45–51
Leick P, Grzeszik1 R, Arndt S, Wissel S (2011) Suppression of multiple scattering using structured light sheets—a first assessment for diesel and gasoline spray visualization. ILASS—Europe 2011, 24th European conference on liquid atomization and spray systems, Estoril, Portugal
Linne M, Paciaroni M, Halland T, Parker T (2006) Ballistic imaging of the near field in a diesel spray. Exp Fluids 40:836–846
Méès L, Gouesbet G, Gréhan G (2001) Time resolved scattering diagrams for a sphere illuminated by plane wave and focused short pulses. Opt Commun 194:59–65
Moon S, Liu Z, Gao J, Dufresne E, Fezzaa K and Wang J (2010) Ultrafast X-ray phase-contrast imaging of high-speed fuel sprays from a two-hole Diesel nozzle. ILASS Americas, 22nd annual conference on liquid atomization and spray systems, Cincinnati, OH, USA
Paciaroni M, Hall T, Delpanque JP, Parker T, Linne M (2006) Single-shot two-dimensional ballistic imaging of the liquid core in an atomizing spray. At Sprays 16:51–59
Sbanski O, Roman VE, Kiefer W, Popp J (2000) Elastic light scattering from single microparticles on a femtosecond time scale. J Opt Soc Am A 17(2):313–319
Schmidt JB, Schaefer ZD, Meyer TR, Roy S, Danczyk SA, Gord JR (2009) Ultrafast time-gated ballistic-photon imaging and shadowgraphy in optically dense rocket sprays. Appl Opt 48:B137–B144
Sedarsky D, Berrocal E, Linne M (2011) Quantitative image contrast enhancement in time-gated transillumination of scattering media. Opt Exp 19:1866–1883
Sou A, Pratama RH, Ohashi R, Sugimura R (2011) Cavitation in a nozzle with asymmetric inflow and its effects on liquid jet. ILASS—Europe 2011, 24th European conference on liquid atomization and spray systems, Estoril, Portugal
Wang L, Ho PP, Liu F, Zhang G, Alfano RR (1991) Ballistic 2-D imaging through scattering walls using an ultrafast optical Kerr gate. Science 253:769–771
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Idlahcen, S., Rozé, C., Méès, L. et al. Sub-picosecond ballistic imaging of a liquid jet. Exp Fluids 52, 289–298 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-011-1220-1
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-011-1220-1