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Protrahierter Verlauf einer Akanthamöbenkeratitis

Delayed course of Acanthamoeba keratitis

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Zusammenfassung

Ein 35-jähriger Patient stellte sich mit einem seit Monaten extern behandelten Hornhautulkus links vor. Bei Erstuntersuchung bei uns zeigten sich eine elliptisch konfigurierte, ulzerierend nekrotisierende, stromale Keratitis, zirkuläre oberflächliche und tiefe korneale Neovaskularisationen und ein organisiertes Hypopyon mit Hyphaema (Visus: Lichtschein-intakte Projektion). Der Patient gab an, Kontaktlinsenträger zu sein. Bei anfänglicher „Dendritica-Figur“ der Hornhaut war er extern 6 Monate lang (4 davon stationär) mit dem Verdacht auf Herpes-simplex-Keratitis behandelt worden. Unsere Diagnose lautete Akanthamöbenkeratitis. Es erfolgte eine elliptisch perforierende Keratoplastik-à-chaud mit dem Excimerlaser (8,0 × 7,0 mm/8,1 × 7,1 mm) mit simultaner Kryotherapie der mittelperipheren Hornhaut (postoperativer Visus 0,1). Die Lokaltherapie bestand aus Polyhexamethylenbiguanid, Propamidinisoethionat, Neomycin und Steroiden im Intervall. Bei Transplantateinschmelzung und aufgehobener Vorderkammer erfolgten 2 Monate später eine erneute elliptisch perforierende Excimerlaser-Keratoplastik (8,5 × 7,5 mm/8,6 × 7,6 mm) sowie eine simultane Amnionmembrantransplantation als Patch und eine laterale Tarsorrhaphie. Nach Operation einer maturen Katarakt betrug der Visus links 0,8. Die Akanthamöbenkeratitis sollte bei Patienten mit positiver Kontaktlinsenanamnese immer frühzeitig in Betracht gezogen werden.

Abstract

A 35-year-old male presented with corneal ulceration on the left eye with a history of treatment over several months. At the first visit in our department we saw an elliptically shaped ulcerative stromal keratitis with circular peripheral neovascularization. There was organized hypopyon with hyphemia. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was light perception. The patient had used contact lenses for many years. Under the suspicion of herpetic keratitis due to a positive “dendrite” the patient had undergone antiviral therapy for 6 months in a different department. Our diagnosis was Acanthamoeba keratitis. We performed penetrating excimer laser keratoplasty-à-chaud (8.0 × 7.0 mm/8.1 × 7.1 mm) with simultaneous cryotherapy of the mid-peripheral cornea. The topical therapy was polyhexamethylene biguanide, propamidine isoethionate, neomycin and steroids in intervals. A repeat penetrating excimer laser keratoplasty (8.5 × 7.5 mm/8.6 × 7.6 mm) with simultaneous amniotic membrane patch and lateral tarsorrhaphy was performed 2 months later due to melting of the graft with positive Seidel test. After successful surgery of the mature cataract the BCVA was 20/25. In a patient with a positive contact lens history acanthamoeba keratitis should always be considered as a differential diagnosis to herpes simplex keratitis in the early course of the disease.

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Correspondence to A.G. Schnaidt FEBO.

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Schnaidt, A., Gatzioufas, Z., Schirra, F. et al. Protrahierter Verlauf einer Akanthamöbenkeratitis. Ophthalmologe 110, 164–168 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-012-2707-8

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