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Visusmindernde Komplikationen bei Uveitis im Kindesalter

Vision-threatening complications in childhood uveitis

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

In dieser Studie wurden die epidemiologischen Daten der Uveitis im Kindesalter und die zur Visusminderung führenden Komplikationen bei den unterschiedlichen Uveitisformen verglichen.

Methode

Es wurde eine retrospektive Untersuchung von 187 Patienten mit einer Uveitismanifestation vor dem 16. Lebensjahr durchgeführt. Unterschieden wurde in anteriore (AU), intermediäre (IU), posteriore (PU) und Panuveitis (PanU). Analysiert wurden epidemiologische Daten, Visus, uveitisbedingte Komplikationen sowie medikamentöse und operative Therapie.

Ergebnisse

Unter einer assoziierten Erkrankung litten 85 von 187 Kindern. Die häufigsten Komplikationen bei AU waren Katarakt, hintere Synechien, Bandkeratopathie und ZMÖ. Die IU war besonders oft mit Glaskörpertrübungen, Katarakt oder ZMÖ vergesellschaftet. Die häufigste visusgefährdende Komplikation bei PU war eine Makulanarbe. Die mit PanU einhergehenden Komplikationen waren Glaskörpertrübungen, Katarakt, Ablatio retinae, ZMÖ sowie Phthisis bulbi.

Schlussfolgerungen

Uveitis im Kindesalter ist häufig mit System- oder Infektionserkrankungen verbunden. Unterschiedliche Uveitisformen haben verschiedene, aber charakteristische Komplikationen.

Abstract

Purpose

We analyzed the epidemiologic data and vision-threatening complications in different forms of childhood uveitis.

Methods

This retrospective study included 187 consecutive patients with onset of uveitis before the age of 16 years classified as anterior (AU), intermediate (IU), posterior (PU), and panuveitis (PanU). We analyzed the epidemiologic data as well as visual acuity, uveitic complications and the conservative and surgical therapy.

Results

Associated disease was observed in 85 of 187 patients. The most common complications in AU patients were cataract, posterior synechiae, band keratopathy and CME. IU was accompanied by dense vitreous opacities, cataract and CME. Macular scars were the most frequent cause for visual loss in PU. PanU was complicated by dense vitreous opacities, cataract, retinal detachment, CME and phthisis bulbi.

Conclusions

Childhood uveitis is frequently associated with systemic immune-mediated diseases. The diverse uveitis types have different but typical complications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Augenabteilung, St. Franziskus Hospital, Münster

    A. Mingels, C. Heinz & A. Heiligenhaus

  2. Augenklinik, Universität, Duisburg-Essen

    T. Hudde

  3. Augenabteilung, St. Franziskus Hospital, Hohenzollernring 74, 48145 , Münster

    A. Mingels

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  1. A. Mingels
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  2. T. Hudde
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  3. C. Heinz
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  4. A. Heiligenhaus
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Correspondence to A. Mingels.

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Mingels, A., Hudde, T., Heinz, C. et al. Visusmindernde Komplikationen bei Uveitis im Kindesalter. Ophthalmologe 102, 477–484 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-005-1175-9

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