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Kammerwasserdynamik

Kammerwasserbildung und Kammerwasserabfluss

Aqueous humor dynamics

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Zusammenfassung

Die Regulation des Intraokulardrucks erfolgt überwiegend durch die Steuerung von Kammerwasserbildung und Kammerwasserabfluss. Der Prozess der Kammerwasserbildung ist letztlich Resultat aus schneller unidirektionaler Sekretion und langsamer kontradirektionaler Reabsorption. Die zirkadiane Rhythmik der Kammerwasserbildung macht deutlich, dass diese einem endogenen regulativen Prozess untergeordnet sein muss. Neben der noch weitgehend unerforschten neuronalen Regulation scheint die Kammerwassersekretion überwiegend durch die Interaktion von sekretionsinhibierenden α2- und sekretionsstimulierenden β-adrenergen Rezeptoren gesteuert zu sein. Der Mechanismus der Regulation des Kammerwasserabflusses ist nicht abschließend geklärt. Das Kammerwasser verlässt das Auge überwiegend über den konventionellen Abflussweg, partiell auch über den unkonventionellen Abflussweg. Weiterführende biochemische, biologische und pharmakologische Untersuchungen erscheinen notwendig, um die grundlegenden Abläufe von Kammerwassersekretion, -abfluss und -regulation zu klären.

Abstract

Intraocular pressure is mainly controlled by the rate of aqueous humor production and the resistance to its outflow. Aqueous humor formation is the result of fast unidirectional secretion and slow contradirectional reabsorption. The most striking evidence of endogenous regulation of the ciliary epithelial secretion is provided by the observation of the circadian rhythm. Aqueous humor formation is mainly controlled by the interaction of inhibiting α2-adrenoreceptors and stimulating β-adrenoceptors. The role of the central nervous system in the regulation of this process remains unclear and the precise mechanism of outflow regulation is not fully understood. The aqueous humor passes into the anterior chamber and leaves the eye by two routes: the direct outflow pathway through the trabecular meshwork or the indirect outflow pathway through the ciliary muscle. Further biochemical, biological and pharmacological investigations are necessary to determine the fundamental process of aqueous humor formation, outflow and regulation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universitäts-Augenklinik Tübingen

    M. Grüb & J. Mielke

  2. Universitäts-Augenklinik Tübingen, Schleichstraße 12, 72076 , Tübingen

    M. Grüb

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  1. M. Grüb
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  2. J. Mielke
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Correspondence to M. Grüb.

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Grüb, M., Mielke, J. Kammerwasserdynamik. Ophthalmologe 101, 357–365 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-003-0939-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-003-0939-3

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