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Enuresis and overactive bladder in sickle cell patients: a narrative review of the literature

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A Correction to this article was published on 06 April 2023

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this review is to clarify the prevalence, pathophysiology and clinical presentation of enuresis and overactive bladder in sickle cell patients.

Materials and methods

This narrative review of the literature was conducted in March 2022 by running a search in PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane databases without publication date limitation, using the following keywords: enuresis or nocturia or overactive bladder or urinary incontinence or bedwetting and sickle cell.

Results

Eight cross-sectional studies were included, six of which had a non-sickle cell control population. The prevalence of enuresis in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease ranged from 20.3 to 49.4%. It decreased with age to 2.9% in adult sickle cell patients. Enuresis in sickle cell patients has been attributed to several causes, including lack of urine concentration with nocturnal polyuria, reduced bladder capacity, nocturnal bladder hyperactivity, sleep and/or respiratory disorders are likely causes of enuresis in sickle cell patients. The prevalence of overactive bladder is three times higher in sickle cell patients than in control groups. The latter is also observed three times more frequently in men who have had prior episodes of priapism.

Conclusion

Enuresis and overactive bladder are common in sickle cell patients. Several mechanisms have been described to try to explain enuresis in sickle cell patients but overactive bladder seems to play a major role. Studies evaluating the efficacy of certain experimentally validated treatments must be carried out to improve the management of these complications which affect the quality of life of sickle cell patients.

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Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, [OG], upon reasonable request.

Change history

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Acknowledgements

Special thanks to National Blood Transfusion Center (Senegal)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Urology Department of Dalal Jamm Hospital, Dakar, Senegal

    Oumar Gaye & Papa Ahmed Fall

  2. National Blood Transfusion Center, Dakar, Senegal

    Moussa Seck

  3. Urology Department of Tivaouane Hospital, Tivaouane, Senegal

    Ngor Mack Thiam

  4. University Gaston Berger, Saint Louis, Senegal

    Abdourahmane Ndong

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Correspondence to Oumar Gaye.

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The original online version of this article was revised: Due to incorrect tables 1 to 4. Now, they have been corrected.

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Gaye, O., Seck, M., Thiam, N.M. et al. Enuresis and overactive bladder in sickle cell patients: a narrative review of the literature. World J Urol 41, 953–962 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-023-04288-0

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