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17β-Estradiol affects the proliferation and apoptosis of rat bladder neck smooth muscle cells by modulating cell cycle transition and related proteins

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World Journal of Urology Aims and scope

Abstract

Background

Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is primarily a stromal disease. Smooth muscle cells are the major cellular components of stroma. Estrogen may directly stimulate Bladder Neck smooth muscle cells (BSMC). However, little information has been gathered on the mechanism of how the estrogen affects the BSMC in vitro. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of 17β-estradiol (E2) on the proliferation and apoptosis of Bladder Neck Smooth Muscle Cells (BSMC) and the potential mechanisms via cell cycle analysis and related protein detection.

Methods

The synthetic rat BSMC were obtained through the enzyme-digesting method and exposed to gradient concentrations (0.1–100 nmol/l) of E2 for different amounts of time. The progression of cell cycle, the apoptosis and the expressions of Cyclin D1 protein were examined by flow cytometry. Apoptosis-related proteins, Bcl-2 and Bax, were detected by western blot.

Results

E2 in the definite concentrations (0.1–10 nmol/l) promoted the BSMC growth in a concentration-dependent manner by accelerating cell cycle transition from G1 to S phases, and up-regulating the expression of Cyclin D1. However, high doses of E2 (10 and 100 nmol/l) increased the rate of apoptosis of the cells accompanied by a significant raise of Bax expression and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2.

Conclusion

The effect of E2 on subcultured BSMC is bilateral; it promotes the cells proliferation by enhancing the expression of Cyclin D1, which accelerates G1 to S phase transition, while on the other hand, it induces apoptosis of the cells by up-regulating the expression of Bax.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. Yi Q. Yang and Bei Cheng for their helpful advice in cell culture and Dr Ping S. Liu for her help in the flow cytometry analysis. This work was supported by the grant from the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2007ABA285).

Conflict of interest statement

There is no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Urology Department, Research Center of Urology and Andrology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, 169# Donghu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China

    Wafi Waladali, Yi Luo, Wen S. Li, Min X. Zheng & Quan L. Hu

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  1. Wafi Waladali
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  2. Yi Luo
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  3. Wen S. Li
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  4. Min X. Zheng
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wen S. Li.

Additional information

W. Waladali and Y. Luo contributed equally to this work.

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Waladali, W., Luo, Y., Li, W.S. et al. 17β-Estradiol affects the proliferation and apoptosis of rat bladder neck smooth muscle cells by modulating cell cycle transition and related proteins. World J Urol 27, 241–248 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-008-0333-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-008-0333-5

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