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Comparative Effects of Azospirillum brasilense Sp245 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Lipopolysaccharides on Wheat Seedling Growth and Peroxidase Activity

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Abstract

The effects of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Azospirillum brasilense Sp245, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, a pathogenic bacterium, on plant growth and peroxidase (POD) activity were assessed on wheat seedlings. A. brasilense LPS (100 µg/mL) increased total length, and total fresh weight in wheat seedlings 4 days after treatment. P. aeruginosa LPS did not show effect on plant growth. A. brasilense LPS increased root hairs length similar to whole cells, while P. aeruginosa LPS increased root hairs density and slightly root hairs length. Both LPS increased POD activity and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content in root; however, the LPS from the pathogenic bacterium generated higher increments. The peroxidase inhibitor salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) inhibited plant growth, which was not recovered by the addition of LPS neither A. brasilense nor P. aeruginosa. POD activity stimulated by LPS was calcium-dependent as confirmed by the addition of the calcium channel blocker LaCl3. The results suggest that plant cells sense differentially LPS from beneficial or pathogenic bacteria and that calcium is needed to respond to the presence of both LPS.

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Funding

This study was supported by funds from the Coordinación de la Investigación Científica, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, and with a Grant to AAHE (No. 606506) from CONACYT, México.

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  1. Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. A1, CP 58040, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

    Alma Alejandra Hernández-Esquivel, Elda Castro-Mercado & Ernesto García-Pineda

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  1. Alma Alejandra Hernández-Esquivel
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  2. Elda Castro-Mercado
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  3. Ernesto García-Pineda
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AAHE conducted the experiments. ECM contributed with technical assistance to experimental setup. AAHE and EGP discussed the results. EGP was the author of project planning and wrote the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ernesto García-Pineda.

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Hernández-Esquivel, A.A., Castro-Mercado, E. & García-Pineda, E. Comparative Effects of Azospirillum brasilense Sp245 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Lipopolysaccharides on Wheat Seedling Growth and Peroxidase Activity. J Plant Growth Regul 40, 1903–1911 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-020-10241-x

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