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Hyperhydricity-Related Morphologic and Biochemical Changes in Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia)

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Abstract

Shoot cultures of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) showed a progressive change toward hyperhydricity syndrome (HHS) leading to the necrosis of shoot buds when transferred to liquid medium of shake-flask type from solid (gelled) medium (S). HHS was also associated with severe damage at cellular and subcellular levels, an increase in free polyamines (PAs) and accumulation of water, a decrease in quantities of chlorophyll and protein, and drastic changes in reducing and nonreducing sugars. Spermine was by far the major polyamine in all the analyzed cultures. The progression toward and onset of HHS showed higher activities of antioxidant enzymes, indicative of the shoots’ defensive efforts against oxidative stress. The specific enzyme activities of normal and H2 stages were 342.6 and 350.35 U mg−1 protein for peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.11), 38.4 and 30.38 U mg−1 protein for superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), and 71.3 and 82.75 U mg−1 protein for catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), respectively. The kinetic parameters of the culture medium suggested that nutrient utilization was normal in HHS and that the severe biochemical alterations and cellular damage were mainly due to oxidative stress.

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Acknowledgement

The authors RVS and LV acknowledge the financial support in the form of a Research Fellowship from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India. Encouragement by Dr. V. Prakash, Director of CFTRI, and Dr. G. A. Ravishankar, Head of PCBT, CFTRI, Mysore, is also gratefully acknowledged. We are also thankful to anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments.

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  1. Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Mysore, 570 020, India

    Reddampalli V. Sreedhar, Lakshmanan Venkatachalam & Bhagyalakshmi Neelwarne

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  1. Reddampalli V. Sreedhar
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  2. Lakshmanan Venkatachalam
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  3. Bhagyalakshmi Neelwarne
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Correspondence to Bhagyalakshmi Neelwarne.

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Sreedhar, R.V., Venkatachalam, L. & Neelwarne, B. Hyperhydricity-Related Morphologic and Biochemical Changes in Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia). J Plant Growth Regul 28, 46–57 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-008-9073-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-008-9073-4

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