Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Interactions Between Light and Plant Hormones During De-etiolation

  • Thematic Article
  • Published:
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The transition from a dark-grown (etiolated) to a light-grown (de-etiolated) morphology is marked by a number of dramatic phenotypic changes such as a significant reduction in the rate of shoot elongation, opening of the apical hook, expansion of true leaves and the development of mature chloroplasts. Many of these developmental processes are also known to be regulated by plant hormones. In this review we discuss the interactions between light and plant hormones and their role in mediating phenotypic change during de-etiolation. Clear evidence exists for a light-mediated reduction in gibberellin A, GA levels and response in pea, which is thought to be responsible, at least in part, for the reduction of shoot elongation during de-etiolation. Indirect evidence from a number of species has been used to suggest that the reduction in shoot elongation could also be mediated by a reduction in brassinosteroid (BR) levels. However, direct evidence recently obtained from pea and rice demonstrates that de-etiolation is not mediated, or even accompanied, by a reduction in BR levels. Ethylene is known to play an integral role in apical hook formation and maintenance in plants. However, the physiological significance of light-induced changes in IAA and ABA levels found in some species is not clear. Recent molecular data provide evidence of interactions between light-and IAA/CK-signalling pathways. Potential mechanisms for these interactions are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. T Ait-Ali S Frances JL Weller JB Reid RE Kendrick Y Kamiya (1999) ArticleTitleRegulation of gibberellin 20-oxidase and gibberellin 3β-hydroxylase transcript accumulation during de-etiolation of pea seedlings. Plant Physiol 121 783–791 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXns12nt7g%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.121.3.783 Occurrence Handle10557226

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. T Altmann (1998) ArticleTitleRecent advances in brassinosteroid molecular genetics. Curr Opin Plant Biol 1 378–383 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXnt1Oisr4%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1369-5266(98)80259-8 Occurrence Handle10066617

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. T Asami YK Min N Nagata K Yamagishi S Takatsuto S Fujioka N Murofushi I Yamaguchi S Yoshida (2000) ArticleTitleCharacterisation of brassinazole, a triazole-type brassinosteroid biosynthesis inhibitor. Plant Physiol 123 93–99 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjsFenu7g%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.123.1.93 Occurrence Handle10806228

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. R Azpiroz Y Wu JC LoCascio KA Feldmann (1998) ArticleTitleAn Arabidopsis brassinosteroid-dependent mutant is blocked in cell elongation. Plant Cell 10 219–230 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXhsF2mtrg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.10.2.219 Occurrence Handle9490745

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. FJ Behringer PJ Davies JB Reid (1992) ArticleTitlePhytochrome regulation of stem growth and indole-3-acetic acid levels in the lv and Lv genotypes of Pisum. Photochem Photobiol 56 677–684 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXhvFeqsA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1751-1097.1992.tb02221.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. FJ Behringer PJ Davies (1992) ArticleTitleIndole-3-acetic acid levels after phytochrome-mediated changes in the stem elongation rate of dark- and light-grown Pisum seedlings. Planta 188 85–92 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38Xls1Orsrg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF01160716

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. GJ Bishop T Nomura T Yokota K Harrison T Noguchi S Fujioka S Takatsuto JDG Jones Y Kamiya (1999) ArticleTitleThe tomato DWARF enzyme catalyses C-6 oxidation in brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 96 1761–1766 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXhsFSqtr0%3D Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.96.4.1761 Occurrence Handle9990098

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. GJ Bishop T Yokota (2001) ArticleTitlePlant steroid hormones, brassinosteroids: current highlights of molecular aspects on their synthesis, metabolism, transport, perception and response. Plant Cell Physiol 42 114–120 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXhsFynuro%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/pcp/pce018 Occurrence Handle11230564

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. AM Chaudhury DS Letham S Craig ES Dennis (1993) ArticleTitle amp1 – a mutant with high cytokinin levels and altered embryonic pattern, faster vegetative development, constitutive photomorphogenesis and precocious flowering. Plant J 4 907–916 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXisVShurs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-313X.1993.04060907.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. AN Chin-Atkins S Craig CH Hocart ES Dennis AM Chaudhury (1996) ArticleTitleIncreased endogenous cytokinin in the Arabidopsis amp1 mutant corresponds with de-etiolation responses. Planta 198 549–556 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XhvVajtLs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00262641

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. S Choe BP Dilkes S Fujioka S Takatsuto A Sakurai KA Feldmann (1998) ArticleTitleThe DWF4 gene of Arabidopsis encodes a cytochrome P450 that mediates multiple 22α-hydroxylation steps in brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Plant Cell 10 231–243 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXhsF2mtrk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.10.2.231 Occurrence Handle9490746

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. S Choe BP Dilkes BD Gregory AS Ross H Yuan T Noguchi S Fujioka S Takatsuto A Tanaka S Yoshida FE Tax KA Feldmann (1999a) ArticleTitleThe Arabidopsis dwarf1 mutant is defective in the conversion of 24-methylenecholesterol to campesterol in brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Plant Physiol 119 897–907 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXhvFymtbo%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.119.3.897

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. S Choe T Noguchi S Fujioka S Takatsuto CP Tissier BD Gregory AS Ross A Tanaka S Yoshida FE Tax KA Feldmann (1999b) ArticleTitleThe Arabidopsis dwf7/ste1 is defective in the Δ7 sterol C-5 desaturation step leading to brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Plant Cell 11 207–221 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXhsVynsro%3D Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.11.2.207

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. S Choe A Tanaka T Noguchi S Fujioka S Takatsuto AS Ross FE Tax S Yoshida KA Feldmann (2000) ArticleTitleLesions in the sterol Δ7 reductase gene of Arabidopsis cause dwarfism due to a block in brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Plant J 21 431–433 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXivVeisLk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-313x.2000.00693.x Occurrence Handle10758495

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. S Choe RJ Schmitz S Fujioka S Takatsuto M-O Lee S Yoshida KA Feldmann FE Tax (2002) ArticleTitleArabidopsis brassinosteroid-insensitive dwarf12 mutants are semi-dominant and defective in a glycogen synthase kinase 3β-like kinase. Plant Physiol 130 1506–1515 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XovVOmsb0%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.010496 Occurrence Handle12428015

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. J Chory M Chatterjee RK Cook T Elich C Fankhauser J Li P Nagpal M Neff A Pepper D Poole J Reed V Vitart (1996) ArticleTitleFrom seed germination to flowering, light controls plant development via the pigment phytochrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93 12066–12071 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xms1Cqurs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.93.22.12066 Occurrence Handle8901532

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. J Chory J Li (1997) ArticleTitleGibberellins, brassinosteroids and light-regulated development. Plant Cell Environ 20 801–806 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmt1Sqsb4%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-3040.1997.d01-99.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. J Chory P Nagpal CA Peto (1991) ArticleTitlePhenotypic and genetic analysis of det2, a new mutant that affects light-regulated seedling development in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 3 445–459 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXltlajtrs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.3.5.445 Occurrence Handle12324600

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. J Chory D Reinecke S Sim T Washburn M Brenner (1994) ArticleTitleA role for cytokinins in de-etiolation in Arabidopsis: det mutants have an altered response to cytokinins. Plant Physiol 104 339–347 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXhvVOgs7k%3D Occurrence Handle12232085

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. SD Clouse (2001) ArticleTitleIntegration of light and brassinosteroid signals in etiolated seedling growth. Trends Plant Sci 6 443–445 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXnvVegu78%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1360-1385(01)02102-1 Occurrence Handle11590041

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. SD Clouse M Langford TC McMorris (1996) ArticleTitleA brassinosteroid-insensitive mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana exhibits multiple defects in growth and development. Plant Physiol 111 671–678 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XktlKksrw%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.111.3.671 Occurrence Handle8754677

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. A Colon-Carmona DL Chen K-C Yeh S Abel (2000) ArticleTitleAux/IAA proteins are phosphorylated by phytochrome in vitro. Plant Physiol 124 1728–1738 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXitVWrsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.124.4.1728 Occurrence Handle11115889

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. PJ Davies (1995) The plant hormones, their nature, occurrence, and functions. PJ Davies (Eds) Plant hormones: physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology. Kluwer Academic Press Dordrecht, The Netherlands 1–5

    Google Scholar 

  24. Q Du H Kende (2001) ArticleTitleExpression of two HOOKLESS genes in peas (Pisum sativum L.). Plant Cell Physiol 42 374–378 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXjtVagsr0%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/pcp/pce044 Occurrence Handle11333307

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. G Ephritikhine M Fellner C Vannini D Lapous H Barbier-Brygoo (1999a) ArticleTitleThe sax1 dwarf mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana shows altered sensitivity of growth responses to abscisic acid, auxin, gibberellins, and ethylene and is partially rescued by exogenous brassinosteroid. Plant J 18 303–314 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXktVarsrs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-313X.1999.00454.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. G Ephritikhine S Pagant S Fujioka S Takatsuto D Lapous M Caboche RE Kendrick H Barbier-Brygoo (1999b) ArticleTitleThe sax1 mutation defines a new locus involved in the brassinosteroid biosynthesis pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J 18 315–320 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXktVarsrg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-313X.1999.00455.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. C Fankhauser J Chory (1997) ArticleTitleLight control of plant development. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 13 203–229 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXisFSktg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1146/annurev.cellbio.13.1.203 Occurrence Handle9442873

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. C Fankhauser (2002) ArticleTitleLight perception in plants: Cytokinins and red light join forces to keep phytochrome B active. Trends Plant Sci 7 143–145 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjtVKns7g%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1360-1385(02)02228-8 Occurrence Handle11950603

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. C Fankhauser D Staiger (2002) ArticleTitlePhotoreceptors in Arabidopsis thaliana: Light perception, signal transduction and entrainment of the endogenous clock. . 216 1–16 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xps1eht78%3D Occurrence Handle12430009

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. S Fujioka J Li YH Choi H Seto S Takatsuto T Noguchi T Watanabe H Kuriyama T Yokota J Chory A Sakurai (1997) ArticleTitleThe Arabidopsis deetiolated2 mutant is blocked early in brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Plant Cell 9 1951–1962 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXnsl2mtrk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.9.11.1951 Occurrence Handle9401120

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. JL Garcia-Martinez J Gil (2002) ArticleTitleLight regulation of gibberellin biosynthesis and mode of action. J Plant Growth Regul 20 354–368 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s003440010033

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. J Gil JL Garcia-Martinez (2000) ArticleTitleLight regulation of gibberellin A1 content and expression of genes coding for GA 20-oxidase and GA 3 beta-hydroxylase in etiolated pea seedlings. Physiol Plant 180 223–229 Occurrence Handle10.1034/j.1399-3054.2000.100216.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. H Goda Y Shimada T Asami S Fujioka S Yoshida (2002) ArticleTitleMicroarray analysis of brassinosteroid-regulated genes in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 130 1319–1334 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XovVOms7g%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.011254 Occurrence Handle12427998

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. G Hagen T Guilfoyle (2002) ArticleTitleAuxin-responsive gene expression: Genes, promoters and regulatory factors. Plant Mol Biol 49 373–385 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XktlSqt7g%3D Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1015207114117 Occurrence Handle12036261

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. RM Harper EL Stowe-Evans DR Luesse H Muto K Tatematsu MK Watahiki K Yamamoto E Liscum (2000) ArticleTitleThe NPH4 locus encodes the auxin response factor ARF7, a conditional regulator of differential growth in aerial Arabidopsis tissue. Plant Cell 12 757–770 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjvFyhu74%3D Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.12.5.757 Occurrence Handle10810148

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Z Hong M Ueguchi-Tanaka S Shimizu-Sato Y Inukai S Fujioka Y Shimada S Takatsuto M Agetsuma S Yoshida Y Watanabe S Uozu H Kitano M Ashikari M Matsuoka (2002) ArticleTitleLoss-of-function of a rice brassinosteroid biosynthetic enzyme, C-6 oxidase, prevents the organised arrangement of polar elongation of cells in the leaves and stem. Plant J 32 495–508 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xps1KrurY%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-313X.2002.01438.x Occurrence Handle12445121

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. SD Jackson PE James E Carrera S Prat B Thomas (2000) ArticleTitleRegulation of transcript levels of a potato gibberellin 20-oxidase gene by light and phytochrome B. Plant Physiol 124 423–430 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXmvVGhtbg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.124.1.423 Occurrence Handle10982455

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. AM Jones DS Cochran PM Lamerson ML Evans JD Cohen (1991) ArticleTitleRed light-regulated growth. I. Changes in the abundance of indoleacetic acid and a 22-kilodalton auxin-binding protein in the maize mesocotyl. Plant Physiol 97 352–358 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38XjvVSntg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.97.1.352 Occurrence Handle11538374

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Y Kamiya JL Garcia-Martinez (1999) ArticleTitleRegulation of gibberellin biosynthesis by light. Curr Opinion Plant Biol 2 398–403 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmvFSis7g%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1369-5266(99)00012-6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. JG Kang J Yun DH Kim KS Chung S Fujioka JI Kim HW Dae S Yoshida S Takatsuto PS Song CM Park (2001) ArticleTitleLight and brassinosteroid signals are integrated via a dark-induced small G protein in etiolated seedling growth. Cell 105 625–636 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXktlSqtrs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00370-1 Occurrence Handle11389832

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. T-H Kim B-H Kim AG von Arnim (2002) ArticleTitleRepressors of photomorphogenesis. Int Rev Cytol 220 185–223 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XotFOgtrc%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0074-7696(02)20006-6 Occurrence Handle12224549

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. U Klahre T Noguchi S Fujioka S Takatsuto T Yokota T Nomura S Yoshida NH Chua (1998) ArticleTitleThe Arabidopsis DIMINUTO/DWARF1 gene encodes a protein involved in steroid synthesis. Plant Cell 10 1677–1690 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXmvF2lu7Y%3D Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.10.10.1677 Occurrence Handle9761794

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. CV Koka RE Cerny RG Gardner T Noguchi S Fujioka S Takatsuto S Yoshida SD Clouse (2000) ArticleTitleA putative role for the tomato genes DUMPY and CURL-3 in brassinosteroid biosynthesis and response. Plant Physiol 122 85–98 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXmvFantQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.122.1.85 Occurrence Handle10631252

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. M Koornneef E Rolff CJP Spruit (1980) ArticleTitleGenetic control of light-inhibited hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Z. Planzenphysiol. 100S 147–160

    Google Scholar 

  45. Y Kraepiel P Rousselin B Sotta L Kerhoas J Einhorn M Caboche E Miginiac (1994) ArticleTitleAnalysis of phytochrome- and ABA-deficient mutants suggests that ABA degradation is controlled by light in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia . Plant J 6 665–672 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXis1Sntbg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-313X.1994.6050665.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Y Kraepiel Y Miginiac (1997) ArticleTitlePhotomorphogenesis and phytohormones. Plant Cell Environ 20 807–812 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmt1Sqsb8%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-3040.1997.d01-111.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. A Lehman R Black JR Ecker (1996) ArticleTitle HOOKLESS1, an ethylene response gene, is required for differential cell elongation in the Arabidopsis hypocotyl. Cell 85 183–194 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XisFejs7k%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81095-8 Occurrence Handle8612271

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. J Li MG Biswas A Chao DW Russell J Chory (1997) ArticleTitleConservation of function between mammalian and plant steroid 5α-reductases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94 3554–3559 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXis1amtL8%3D Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.94.8.3554 Occurrence Handle9108014

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. J Li J Chory (1997) ArticleTitleA putative leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase involved in brassinosteroid signal transduction. Cell 90 929–938 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmtV2htr0%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80357-8 Occurrence Handle9298904

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. J Li P Nagpal V Vitart TC McMorris J Chory (1996) ArticleTitleA role for brassinosteroids in light-dependent development of Arabidopsis. Science 272 398–401 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XisVehu7Y%3D Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.272.5260.398 Occurrence Handle8602526

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. J Li KH Nam D Vafeados J Chory (2001) ArticleTitle BIN2, a new brassinosteroid-insensitive locus in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 127 14–22 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmvFCrtrw%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.127.1.14 Occurrence Handle11553730

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. L Ma J Li L Qu J Harger Z Chen H Zhao XW Deng (2001) ArticleTitleLight control of Arabidopsis development entails coordinated regulation of genome expression and cellular pathways. Plant Cell 13 2589–2607 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XktlOiuw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.13.12.2589 Occurrence Handle11752374

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. T Montoya T Nomura K Farrar T Kaneta T Yokota G Bishop (2002) ArticleTitleCloning of the tomato Curl3 gene highlights the putative dual role of the leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase tBRI1/SR160 in plant steroid hormone and peptide hormone signalling. Plant Cell 14 1–14 Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.006379

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. M Mori T Nomura H Ooka M Ishizaka T Yokota K Sugimoto K Okabe H Kajiwara K Satoh K Yamamoto H Hirochika S Kikuchi (2002) ArticleTitleIsolation and characterisation of a rice dwarf mutant with a defect in brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Plant Physiol 130 1–10 Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.007179

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. N Nagata K Min T Nakano T Asami S Yoshida (2000) ArticleTitleTreatment of dark-grown Arabidopsis thaliana with a brassinosteroid-biosynthesis inhibitor, brassinazole, induces some charcteristics of light grown plants. Planta 211 781–790 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXotVKntrg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/s004250000351 Occurrence Handle11144262

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. MM Neff C Frankhauser J Chory (2000) ArticleTitleLight: An indicator of time and place. Genes Dev 14 257–271 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXhsVKhsr8%3D Occurrence Handle10673498

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. J Nemhauser J Chory (2002) Photomorphogenesis. CR Somerville EM Meyerowitz (Eds) The Arabidopsis Book. American Society of Plant Biologists Rockville MD

    Google Scholar 

  58. T Noguchi S Fujioka S Choe S Takatsuto S Yoshida H Yuan KA Feldmann FE Tax (1999a) ArticleTitleBrassinosteroid insensitive dwarf mutants of Arabidopsis accumulate brassinosteroids. Plant Physiol 121 833–839 Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.120.3.833

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. T Noguchi S Fujioka S Takatsuto A Sakurai S Yoshida J Li J Chory (1999b) ArticleTitle Arabidopsis det2 is defective in the conversion of (24R)-24-methylcholest-4-en-3-one to (24R)-24-methyl-5α-cholestan-3-one in brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Plant Physiol 120 833–839 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXks1amtbk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.120.3.833

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. DP O’Neill JJ Ross JB Reid (2000) ArticleTitleChanges in gibberellin A1 levels and response during de-etiolation of pea seedlings. Plant Physiol 124 805–812 Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.124.2.805 Occurrence Handle11027728

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. MT Osterlund CS Hardtke N Wei W-X Deng (2000) ArticleTitleTargeted destabilization of HY5 during light-regulated development of Arabidopsis. Nature 405 462–466 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjslylurw%3D Occurrence Handle10.1038/35013076 Occurrence Handle10839542

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. T Oyama Y Shimura K Okada (1997) ArticleTitleThe Arabidopsis HY5 gene encodes a bZIP protein that regulates stimulus-induced development of root and hypocotyl. Genes Dev 11 2983–2995 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXns1altbs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1101/gad.11.22.2983 Occurrence Handle9367981

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. BM Parks EP Spalding (1999) ArticleTitleSequential and coordinated action of phytochromes A and B during Arabidopsis stem growth revealed by kinetic analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci 96 14142–14146 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXns1yjs70%3D Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.96.24.14142 Occurrence Handle10570212

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. SC Peck K Pawlowski H Kende (1998) ArticleTitleAsymmetrical responsiveness to ethylene mediates cell elongation in the apical hook of peas. Plant Cell 10 713–719 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXjs1ehsb4%3D Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.10.5.713

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. V Raz JR Ecker (1999) ArticleTitleRegulation of differential growth in the apical hook of Arabidopsis. Development 126 3661–3668 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXlvV2qu7Y%3D Occurrence Handle10409511

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. JW Reed KR Forster PW Morgan J Chory (1996) ArticleTitlePhytochrome B affects responsiveness to gibberellins in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 112 337–342 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XlvFKht7s%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.112.1.337 Occurrence Handle8819329

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. JB Reid NA Botwright JJ Smith DP O’Neill LHJ Kerckhoffs (2002) ArticleTitleControl of gibberellin levels and gene expression during de-etiolation in pea. Plant Physiol 128 734–741 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XhsVSqs7k%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.010607 Occurrence Handle11842176

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. T Schmülling (2002) ArticleTitleNew insights into the functions of cytokinins in plant development. J Plant Growth Reg 21 40–49 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s003440010046

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Y Shimada N Miyauch N Nagata T Asami S Fujioka S Yoshida (2000) ArticleTitleCloning of brassinosteroid-6-oxidase from Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol 41 s202

    Google Scholar 

  70. Y Shimada H Goda N Miyauch N Nagata T Asami S Fujioka S Yoshida (2001) ArticleTitleLight regulation of brassinosteroid-biosynthetic genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol 42 s77

    Google Scholar 

  71. W Su SH Howell (1995) ArticleTitleThe effects of cytokinin and light on hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis seedlings are independent and additive. Plant Physiol 108 1423–1430 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXnsVagsL8%3D Occurrence Handle12228552

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. R Swarup G Parry N Graham T Allen M Bennett (2002) ArticleTitleAuxin cross-talk: Integration of signalling pathways to control plant development. Plant Mol Biol 49 411–426 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XktlSqt7c%3D Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1015250929138 Occurrence Handle12036264

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. U Sweere K Eichenberg J Lohrmann V Mira-Rodado I Bäurle J Kudla F Nagy . Schäfer K Harter (2001) ArticleTitleInteraction of the response regulator ARR4 with phytochrome B in modulating red light signalling. Science 294 1108–1111 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXot1KrtLk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.1065022 Occurrence Handle11691995

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. GM Symons L Schultz LHJ Kerckhoffs NW Davies D Gregory JB Reid (2002) ArticleTitleUncoupling brassinosteroid levels and de-etiolation in pea. Physiol Plant 115 311–319 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XltVGmsL4%3D Occurrence Handle10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1150219.x Occurrence Handle12060251

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. GM Symons JB Reid (2003) ArticleTitleHormone levels and response during de-etiolation in pea. Planta 216 422–431 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhtlOitLg%3D Occurrence Handle12520333

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. M Szekeres K Nemeth A Koncz-Kalman J Mathur A Kauschmann T Altman GP Redei F Nagy J Schell C Koncz (1996) ArticleTitleBrassinosteroids rescue the deficiency of CYP90, a cytochrome P450, controlling cell elongation and de-etiolation in Arabidopsis. Cell 85 171–182 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XisFejs7g%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81094-6 Occurrence Handle8612270

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. T Takahashi A Gasch N Nishizawa NH Chua (1995) ArticleTitleThe DIMINUTO gene of Arabidopsis is involved in regulating cell elongation. Genes Dev 9 97–107 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXjtFWqtLc%3D Occurrence Handle10.1101/gad.9.1.97 Occurrence Handle7828854

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. M Talon JAD Zeevart DA Gage (1991) ArticleTitleIdentification of gibberellins in spinach and effects of light and darkness on their levels. Plant Physiol 97 1521–152 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38XhtVaks7s%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.97.4.1521 Occurrence Handle16668579

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Y Tamaki K Takeuchi T Nomura K Yoneyama Y Takeuchi H Nyunoya Y Matsushita GJ Takatsuto, Bishop T Yokota (2002) ArticleTitleEffect of light quality on the level of endogenous brassinosteroids in rice, and the rice DWARF gene. Plant Cell Physiol 43 s185

    Google Scholar 

  80. Q Tian JW Reed (2001) ArticleTitleMolecular links between light and auxin signalling pathways I. Plant Growth Reg 20 274–280 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjtVCnug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/s003440010022

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Q Tian NJ Uhlir JW Reed (2002) ArticleTitle Arabidopsis SHY2/IAA3 inhibits auxin-regulated gene expression. Plant Cell 14 301–319 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XisVKgtbw%3D Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.010283 Occurrence Handle11884676

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. T Toyomasu H Kawaide W Mitsuhashi Y Inoue Y Kamiya (1998) ArticleTitlePhytochrome regulates gibberellin biosynthesis during germination of photoblastic lettuce seeds. Plant Physiol 118 1517–1523 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXjtFA%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.118.4.1517 Occurrence Handle9847128

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. T Toyomasu H Tsuji H Yamane M Nakayama I Yamaguchi N Murofushi N Takahashi Y Inoue (1993) ArticleTitleLight effects on endogenous levels of gibberellins in photoblastic lettuce seeds. J Plant Growth Reg 12 85–90 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXhsFyrurg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00193238

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. SC Weatherwax MS Ong J Degenhardt EA Bray EM Tobin (1996) ArticleTitleThe interaction of light and abscisic acid in the regulation of plant gene expression. Plant Physiol 111 363–370 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xjs1Chtro%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.111.2.363 Occurrence Handle8787022

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. JL Weller N Beauchamp LHJ Kerckhoffs JD Platten JB Reid (2001) ArticleTitleInteraction of phytochromes A and B in the control of de-etiolation and flowering in pea. Plant J 26 283–294 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXlt1OhtLc%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-313X.2001.01027.x Occurrence Handle11439117

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. K Wu AD Gage JAD Zeevaart (1996) ArticleTitleMolecular cloning and photoperiod-regulated expression of gibberellin 20-oxidase from long-day plant spinach. Plant Physiol 110 547–554 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XhtF2msrg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.110.2.547 Occurrence Handle8742334

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. X Xu AM Van Lammeren E Vermeer D Vreugdenhil (1998) ArticleTitleThe role of gibberellin, abscisic acid, and sucrose in the regulation of potato tuber formation in vitro. Plant Physiol 117 575–584 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXjvFGksLs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.117.2.575 Occurrence Handle9625710

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. S Yamaguchi Y Kamiya (2002) ArticleTitleGibberellins and light-stimulated seed germination. J Plant Growth Regul 20 369–376 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s003440010035

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. S Yamaguchi MW Smith RGS Brown Y Kamiya TP Sun (1998) ArticleTitlePhytochrome regulation and differential expression of gibberellin 3ß-hydroxylase genes in germinating Arabidopsis seeds. Plant Cell 10 2115–2126 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXhvV2mtg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.10.12.2115 Occurrence Handle9836749

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. C Yamamuro Y Ihara X Wu T Noguchi S Fujioka S Takatsuto M Ashikara H Kitano M Matsuoka (2000) ArticleTitleLoss of function of a Rice brassinosteroid insensitive1 homolog prevents internode elongation and bending of the lamina joint. Plant Cell 12 1591–1605 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXnsVyltrw%3D Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.12.9.1591 Occurrence Handle11006334

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Plant Science, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-55, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia

    Gregory M. Symons & James B. Reid

Authors
  1. Gregory M. Symons
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. James B. Reid
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gregory M. Symons.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Symons, G.M., Reid, J.B. Interactions Between Light and Plant Hormones During De-etiolation . J Plant Growth Regul 22, 3–14 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-003-0017-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-003-0017-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation