Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Effects of temperature and salinity on the asexual reproduction of Aurelia coerulea polyps

  • Published:
Journal of Oceanology and Limnology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Aurelia coerulea polyp is an important stage in the outbreaks of this species. To test the combined effects of salinity and temperature on the survival and asexual reproduction of polyps, we maintained 864 polyps at various salinities (15, 25, 33, and 40) and temperatures (9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24°C). Polyps could mostly survive in all treatment combinations except in salinity 15 treatments with low temperatures (9–15°C). Budding occurred at all temperatures (9–24°C), while strobilation only occurred at the low temperatures (9–15°C). The range of 12–15°C was suitable for strobilation and ephyrae release. The optimal range of salinity for asexual reproduction was 25–33. Low (15) or high (40) salinity could significantly reduce the numbers of new buds or ephyrae, and low salinity of 15 retarded and even prevented strobilation at low temperatures. The optimal treatment for budding and strobilation was 21°C-salinity 25 and 12°C-salinity 33, respectively. Salinity had less of an impact than temperature on asexual reproduction, except for the polyps in high or low osmotic pressure conditions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Albert D J. 2012. Controlled activation of species typical behaviour to low salinity, seawater movement and seawater depth in Aurelia labiata (Scyphozoa) Jellyfish in Roscoe Bay, Canada. Hydrobiologia, 680(1): 179–186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bosch-Belmar M, Azzurro E, Pulis K, Milisenda G, Fuentes V, Kéfi-Daly Yahia O, Micallef A, Deidun A, Piraino S. 2017. Jellyfish blooms perception in Mediterranean finfish aquaculture. Marine Policy, 76: 1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brekhman V, Malik A, Haas B, Sher N, Lotan T. 2015. Transcriptome profiling of the dynamic life cycle of the scypohozoan jellyfish Aurelia aurita. BMC Genomics, 16: 74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conley K, Uye S I. 2015. Effects of hyposalinity on survival and settlement of moon jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) planulae. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 462: 14–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Devreker D, Souissi S, Winkler G, Forget-Leray J, Leboulenger F. 2009. Effects of salinity, temperature and individual variability on the reproduction of Eurytemora affinis (Copepoda; Calanoida) from the Seine estuary: a laboratory study. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 368(2): 113–123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dong Z J, Liu D Y, Keesing J K. 2010. Jellyfish blooms in China: dominant species, causes and consequences. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 60(7): 954–963.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dong Z J, Liu D Y, Wang Y J, Di B P, Song X K, Shi Y J. 2012. A report on a Moon Jellyfish Aurelia aurita bloom in Sishili Bay, Northern Yellow Sea of China in 2009. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management, 15(2): 161–167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dong Z J, Wang L, Liu Q Q, Sun T T. 2018a. Effects of salinity and temperature on the recruitment of Aurelia coerulea planulae. Marine Biology Research, 14(5): 454–461.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dong Z J, Wang L, Sun T T, Liu Q Q, Sun Y F. 2018b. Artificial reefs for sea cucumber aquaculture confirmed as settlement substrates of the moon jellyfish Aurelia coerulea. Hydrobiologia, 818(1): 223–234.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs B, Wang W, Graspeuntner S, Li Y Z, Insua S, Herbst E M, Dirksen P, Böhm A M, Hemmrich G, Sommer F, Domazet-Lošo T, Klostermeier U C, Anton-Erxleben F, Rosenstiel P, Bosch T C G, Khalturin K. 2014. Regulation of polyp-to-jellyfish transition in Aurelia aurita. Current Biology, 24(3): 263–273.

    Google Scholar 

  • Han C H, Uye S I. 2009. Quantification of the abundance and distribution of the common jellyfish Aurelia aurita s.l. with a Dual-frequency IDentification SONar (DIDSON). Journal of Plankton Research, 31(8): 805–814.

    Google Scholar 

  • Han C H, Uye S I. 2010. Combined effects of food supply and temperature on asexual reproduction and somatic growth of polyps of the common jellyfish Aurelia aurita s.l. Plankton & Benthos Research, 5(3): 98–105.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hubot N, Lucas C H, Piraino S. 2017. Environmental control of asexual reproduction and somatic growth of Aurelia spp. (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) polyps from the Adriatic Sea. PLoS One, 12(6): e0178482.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ishii H, Katsukoshi K. 2010. Seasonal and vertical distribution of Aurelia aurita polyps on a pylon in the innermost part of Tokyo Bay. Journal of Oceanography, 66(3): 329–336.

    Google Scholar 

  • Janas U, Witek Z. 1993. The occurrence of medusae in the southern Baltic and their importance in the ecosystem, with special emphasis on Aurelia aurita. Oceanologia, 34: 69–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu W C, Lo W T, Purcell J E, Chang H H. 2009. Effects of temperature and light intensity on asexual reproduction of the scyphozoan, Aurelia aurita (L.) in Taiwan. Hydrobiologia, 616(1): 247–258.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lo W T, Chen I L. 2008. Population succession and feeding of scyphomedusae, Aurelia aurita, in a eutrophic tropical lagoon in Taiwan. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 76(2): 227–238.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucas C H. 2001. Reproduction and life history strategies of the common jellyfish, Aurelia aurita, in relation to its ambient environment. Hydrobiologia, 451(1–3): 229–246.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma X P, Purcell J E. 2005. Temperature, salinity, and prey effects on polyp versus medusa bud production by the invasive hydrozoan Moerisia lyonsi. Marine Biology, 147(1): 225–234.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matsueda N. 1969. Presentation of Aurelia aurita at thermal power station. Bulletin of the Marine Biological Station of Asamushi, 13: 187–191.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mills C E. 1984. Density is altered in hydromedusae and ctenophores in response to changes in salinity. The Biological Bulletin, 166(1): 206–215.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miyake H, Terazaki M, Kakinuma Y. 2002. On the polyps of the common jellyfish Aurelia aurita in Kagoshima Bay. Journal of Oceanography, 58(3): 451–459.

    Google Scholar 

  • Omori M, Ishii H, Fujinaga A. 1995. Life history strategy of Aurelia aurita (Cnidaria, Scyphomedusae) and its impact on the zooplankton community of Tokyo Bay. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 52(3–4): 597–603.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pascual M, Fuentes V, Canepa A, Atienza D, Gili J M, Purcell J E. 2015. Temperature effects on asexual reproduction of the scyphozoan Aurelia aurita s.l.: differences between exotic (Baltic and Red seas) and native (Mediterranean Sea) populations. Marine Ecology, 36(4): 994–1002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Purcell J E, Atienza D, Fuentes V, Olariaga A, Tilves U, Colahan C, Gili J M. 2012. Temperature effects on asexual reproduction rates of scyphozoan species from the northwest Mediterranean Sea. Hydrobiologia, 690(1): 169–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Purcell J E, Hoover R A, Schwarck N T. 2009. Interannual variation of strobilation by the scyphozoan Aurelia labiata in relation to polyp density, temperature, salinity, and light conditions in situ. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 375: 139–149.

    Google Scholar 

  • Purcell J E, Uye S I, Lo W T. 2007. Anthropogenic causes of jellyfish blooms and their direct consequences for humans: a review. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 350: 153–174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Purcell J E, White J R, Nemazie D A, Wright D A. 1999. Temperature, salinity and food effects on asexual reproduction and abundance of the scyphozoan Chrysaora quinquecirrha. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 180: 187–196.

    Google Scholar 

  • Purcell J E. 2005. Climate effects on formation of jellyfish and ctenophore blooms: a review. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 85(3): 461–476.

    Google Scholar 

  • Purcell J E. 2007. Environmental effects on asexual reproduction rates of the scyphozoan Aurelia labiata. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 348: 183–196.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robinson K L, Graham W M. 2013. Long-term change in the abundances of northern Gulf of Mexico scyphomedusae Chrysaora sp. and Aurelia spp. with links to climate variability. Limnology and Oceanography, 58(1): 235–253.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scorrano S, Aglieri G, Boero F, Dawson M N, Piraino S. 2016. Unmasking Aurelia species in the Mediterranean Sea: an integrative morphometric and molecular approach. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 180(2): 243–267.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shi Y, Yu Z G, Zhen Y, Wang G S, Wang X G, Mi T Z. 2017. Effect of decreasing temperature on the strobilation of Aurelia sp.1. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 36(2): 465–472.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sokołowski A, Brulińska D, Olenycz M, Wołowicz M. 2016. Does temperature and salinity limit asexual reproduction of Aurelia aurita polyps (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa) in the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic Sea)? An experimental study. Hydrobiologia, 773(1): 49–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Song W P. 2009. The Analysis of the Structure of T-S and the Current Characteristics in Baohai Sea during Winter and Summer. Ocean University of China, Qingdao. 70p. (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sun S, Zhang F, Li C L, Wang S W, Wang M X, Tao Z C, Wang Y T, Zhang G T, Sun X X. 2015. Breeding places, population dynamics, and distribution of the giant jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai (Scyphozoa: Rhizostomeae) in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. Hydrobiologia, 754(1): 59–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiel H. 1962. Untersuchungen über die Strobilisation von Aurelia aurita Lam. an einer Population der Kieler Förde. Kieler Meeresforschungen, 18(2): 198–230.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uye S I, Ueta U. 2004. Recent Increase of Jellyfish Populations and their Nuisance to Fisheries in the Inland Sea of Japan. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Fisheries Oceanography, 68: 9–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang N, Li C L, Liang Y, Shi Y Q, Lu J L. 2015a. Prey concentration and temperature effect on budding and strobilation of Aurelia sp.1 polyps. Hydrobiologia, 754(1): 125–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang X M, Liu X H, Liang S K, Shi X Y. 2009. The effect of brine discharged from desalination plant on the distribution of the salinity in the Jiaozhou Bay. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 31(1): 44–51. (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang Y T, Sun S. 2015. Population dynamics of Aurelia sp.1 ephyrae and medusae in Jiaozhou Bay, China. Hydrobiologia, 754(1): 147–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang Y T, Zheng S, Sun S, Zhang F. 2015b. Effect of temperature and food type on asexual reproduction in Aurelia sp.1 polyps. Hydrobiologia, 754(1): 169–178.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watanabe T, Ishii H. 2001. In situ estimation of ephyrae liberated from polyps of Aurelia aurita using settling plates in Tokyo Bay, Japan. Hydrobiologia, 451(1–3): 247–258.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willcox S, Moltschaniwskyj N A, Crawford C M. 2008. Population dynamics of natural colonies of Aurelia sp. scyphistomae in Tasmania, Australia. Marine Biology, 154(4): 661–670.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willcox S, Moltschaniwskyj N A, Crawford C. 2007. Asexual reproduction in scyphistomae of Aurelia sp.: effects of temperature and salinity in an experimental study. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 353(1): 107–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Xin M. 2011. Distribution Characteristics of Biogenic Elements in the Yellow Sea and Comparison of Properties between the Southern and Northern Yellow Sea Cold Water Masses. The First Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Qingdao. 94p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yu Q, Lou A G, Zhang X Q, Li N. 2018. Numerical analysis on the impact of main river runoff on the plain distribution in the low-salinity area at north Liaodong Bay. Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology, (2): 88–96. (in Chinese with English abstract)

Download references

Acknowledgement

We thank ZHANG Fang, associate research fellow of Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, for providing polyps of A. coerulea.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China

    Yongze Xing, Qian Liu, Mei Zhang, Yu Zhen & Tiezhu Mi

  2. Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Yu Zhen, Tiezhu Mi & Zhigang Yu

  3. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China

    Yongze Xing, Mei Zhang, Yu Zhen & Tiezhu Mi

  4. College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China

    Qian Liu

  5. Key Laboratory of Marine Chemical Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China

    Zhigang Yu

  6. Guangxi Key Lab of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi Mangrove Research Center, Guangxi Sciences Academy, Beihai, 536000, China

    Yongze Xing

Authors
  1. Yongze Xing
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Qian Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mei Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yu Zhen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Tiezhu Mi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Zhigang Yu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yu Zhen.

Additional information

Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFC1404402), the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (No. 2016ASKJ02), and the Basic Scientific Foundation of Guangxi Institute of Public Welfare Scientific Research (No. 2019GMRC03)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Xing, Y., Liu, Q., Zhang, M. et al. Effects of temperature and salinity on the asexual reproduction of Aurelia coerulea polyps. J. Ocean. Limnol. 38, 133–142 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-019-8337-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-019-8337-0

Keyword

Search

Navigation