Abstract
Osmundea pinnatifida is a red edible seaweed known as pepper dulse. O. pinnatifida was cultivated in the farm of ALGAplus (Ilhavo, Portugal). This farm is integrated with a seabream and seabass commercial aquaculture and uses the nutrient-enriched water resultant from the fish production as its cultivation medium in the integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) manner. Wild and IMTA-cultivated samples of O. pinnatifida were screened for antioxidant and antitumor activities. The antioxidant capacity of solvent extracts from wild and IMTA cultivated samples was assessed in two methods (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC)), and their total phenolic contents (TPC) were estimated. Antitumor activity was evaluated in three different tumor cell lines (HepG-2, MCF-7, and SH-SY5Y) through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Among the solvents used for extraction, dichloromethane was the most effective to extract phenolic compounds and presented higher ORAC. A significant correlation was found between TPC and ORAC, which was also sustained by the principal components analysis (PCA). Dichloromethane extracts induced a cytostatic effect on MCF-7 cells and showed weak cytotoxicity to SH-SY5Y cells and weak impact on cell proliferation. Overall, there were no statistically significant differences in the biological activities shown by the wild and IMTA-cultivated samples. Hence, O. pinnatifida can be obtained in an economical and environmentally sustainable way through IMTA, maintaining bioactive properties in a high potential for further nutraceutical purposes.
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Acknowledgment
This work had the support of Fundaçào para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), through the strategic project (No. UID/MAR/04292/2013) granted to MARE. This work had also the support from the European Union through EASME Blue Labs project AMALIA—Algae-to-MArket Lab IdeAs (No. EASME/EMFF/2016/1.2.1.4/03/SI2.750419). Received funding from European Structural & Investment Funds through the COMPETE Programme and from National Funds through FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia under the Programme (No. SAICTPAC/0019/2015).
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Silva, J.P., Alves, C., Pinteus, S. et al. Antioxidant and antitumor potential of wild and IMTA-cultivated Osmundea pinnatifida. J. Ocean. Limnol. 37, 825–835 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-019-8110-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-019-8110-4