Abstract
The self-mixing interference for optical velocity sensing is experimentally investigated in an all-fiber configuration distributed Bragg reflector laser. Simultaneously, theory model of self-mixing interference laser Doppler velocimeter based on quasi-analytical method. The experimental results show Doppler shift frequency is linearly proportional to the value of the velocity which agrees well with theory analysis. The results preserve an enough signal-to-noise ratio around 40 dB in the range from 39.3–317.0 mm/s (measurement range depending on bandwidth of circuit) for velocity measurement. Additionally, the cutoff circuit is used in our system to get a stable Doppler signal and reduces the error rate to 0.136 % in practical measurement.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J.H. Churnside, Laser Doppler velocimetry by modulating a CO2 laser with backscattered light. Appl. Opt. 23(1), 61–66 (1984)
L. Büttner, T. Pfister, J. Czarske, Fiber-optic laser Doppler turbine tip clearance probe. Opt. Lett. 31(9), 1217–1219 (2006)
F. Onofri, Three interfering beams in laser Doppler velocimetry for particle position and microflow velocity profile measurements. Appl. Opt. 45(14), 3317–3324 (2006)
K. Hatteland, M. Eriksen, A heterodyne ultrasound blood velocity meter. Mcd. Biol. Eng. Comput. 19(1), 91–96 (1981)
G.E. Sommargren, Optical heterodyne profilometry. Appl. Opt. 20(4), 610–618 (1981)
S. Schlamp, E.B. Cummings, T.H. Sobota, Laser-induced thermal-acoustic velocimetry with heterodyne detection. Opt. Lett. 25(4), 224–226 (2000)
K.J. Målo/y, W. Goldburg, H.K. Pak, Spatial coherence of homodyne light scattering from particles in a convective velocity field. Phys. Rev. A 46(6), 3288–3291 (1992)
S. Shinohara, A. Mochizuki, H. Yoshida, M. Sumi, Laser Doppler velocimeter using the self-mixing effect of a semiconductor laser diode. Appl. Opt. 25(9), 1417–1419 (1986)
G. Mourat, N. Servagent, T. Bosch, Optical feedback effects on the spectral linewidth of semiconductor laser sensors using self-mixing interference. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34(9), 1717–1721 (1998)
S. Shinohara, A. Mochizuki, H. Yoshida, M. Sumi, Laser Doppler velocimeter using the self-mixing effect of a semiconductor laser diode. Appl. Opt. 25(9), 1417–1419 (1986)
W.M. Wang, W.J. Boyle, K.T.V. Grattan, A.W. Palmer, Self-mixing interference in a diode laser: experimental observations and theoretical analysis. Appl. Opt. 32(9), 1551–1558 (1993)
Y.L. Lim, M. Nikolic, K. Bertling, R. Kliese, A.D. Rakic, Self-mixing imaging sensor using a monolithic VCSEL array with parallel readout. Opt. Express 17(7), 5517–5525 (2009)
N. Tsukuda, S. Shinohara, T. Shibata, H. Yoshida, H. Ikeda, M. Sumi, “New range-finding speedometer using a self-mixing laser diode modulated by triangular wave pulse current.” In: Proceedings of IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference 1332–335 (1994)
L. Lu, Z. Cao, J. Dai, B. Yu, Self-mixing signal in Er3 + –Yb3 + codoped distributed bragg reflector fiber laser for remote sensing applications up to 20Km. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 24(5), 392–394 (2012)
L. Lu, J. Yang, L. Zhai, R. Wang, Z. Cao, B. Yu, Self-mixing interference measurement system of a fiber ring laser with ultra-narrow linewidth. Opt. Express 20(8), 10 (2012)
M. Laroche, L. Kervevan, H. Gilles, S. Girard, J.K. Sahu, Doppler velocimetry using self-mixing effect in a short Er-Yb-doped phosphate glass fiber laser. Appli. Phys. B Lasers Opt. 80(4–5), 603–607 (2005)
I. Kelson, A. Hardy, Optimization of strongly pumped fiber lasers. J. Lightwave Technol. 17(5), 891–897 (1999)
E. Yahel, A.A. Hardy, Modeling and optimization of short Er3+ -Yb3+ codoped fiber lasers. IEEE J. Quantum Electronics 39(11), 1444–1451 (2003)
L.E. Estes, L.M. Narducci, R.A. Tuft, Scattering of light from a rotating ground glass. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 61, 1301–1306 (1971)
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Natural Science Fund of Anhui Province (Grant No. 1208085QF110) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60908035).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Du, Z., Lu, L., Zhang, W. et al. Measurement of the velocity inside an all-fiber DBR laser by self-mixing technique. Appl. Phys. B 113, 153–158 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-013-5452-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-013-5452-z