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Fabrication, physical, FTIR, ultrasonic waves, and mechanical properties of quaternary B2O3–Bi2O3–NaF–ZrO2 glasses: Experimental study

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Abstract

An experimental study for fabrication, physical, FTIR spectroscopy, ultrasonic waves, and mechanical properties of quaternary B2O3–Bi2O3–NaF–ZrO2 glasses was introduced. The fabricated glasses have the chemical formula 65B2O3–25NaF–(10-x)Bi2O3–xZrO2; x = 0 (Zr0), 2 (Zr2), 4 (Zr4), 5 (Zr5), and 6 (Zr6) mol% and produced via the melt quenching process. The longitudinal VL and shear VS velocities were measured using ultrasonic flaw detector. FTIR spectra were recorded in the wavenumber range 400–1550 cm−1. The density of the fabricated glasses reduces linearly from 3400 ± 6 (kg/m3) for Zr0 sample with free ZrO2 to 3099 ± 4 (kg/m3) for Zr6 sample with highest content of ZrO2. The oxygen packing density (OPD) rises from 74,742 to 82,980 kg atom/m3 when increasing content of ZrO2 from 0 to 6 mol%, respectively. The number of N3 was increased which the number of N4 decreased with ZrO2 concentration which confirms that the decreasing formation of BO4 units with ZrO2 content. Both VL and VS are persistently increasing for all range of the studied samples; such a behavior is ascribed to increments in number of strong Ø’s units. The insertion of ZrO2 in glasses network leads to improve their elastic moduli. Higher values of Debye temperature (θD) are found with increasing ZrO2 content that means higher thermal energy needed for excitation the corresponding vibrational mode. Makishima–Mackenzie values of Young (YM) and bulk (BM) moduli were in good agreement with the experimental results. Therefore, the increasing trends of YM and BM are similar to those of Young (Y) and bulk (B) moduli assuring the effect of [ZrO6]2− on introducing strengthened bonds into borate lattice. In addition, the microhardness (Hv) was found to increase with ZrO2 content; therefore, the glass system gets harder and stiffer.

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Acknowledgements

Taif University Researchers Supporting Project number (TURSP-2020/84), Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ultrasonic Laboratory, National Institute for Standards, Tersa Str., El-Haram, P. O. Box 136, El Giza, 12211, Egypt

    Ahmed M. Abdel-Aziz

  2. Physics and Mathematical Engineering Department, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, Egypt

    M. S. Shams

  3. Department of Physics, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia

    Emad M. Ahmed

  4. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom, 32511, Egypt

    Y. S. Rammah

  5. Basic Engineering Science Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom, 32511, Egypt

    R. A. Elsad

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Abdel-Aziz, A.M., Shams, M.S., Ahmed, E.M. et al. Fabrication, physical, FTIR, ultrasonic waves, and mechanical properties of quaternary B2O3–Bi2O3–NaF–ZrO2 glasses: Experimental study. Appl. Phys. A 128, 585 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-022-05732-5

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