Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

2D-antimonene-based surface plasmon resonance sensor for improvement of sensitivity

  • Rapid communications
  • Published:
Applied Physics A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, a surface plasmon resonance sensor based on MXene and antimonene with an adhesive layer of TiO2 is numerically analyzed, using the transfer matrix method (TMM). First, the Au thickness is optimized at 48 nm. Then, antimonene and MXene layers are optimized to achieve high sensitivity with minimum reflectance. The sensitivity of the proposed SPR biosensor without using the TiO2 layer is 178.76°/RIU, which shows 6.34% sensitivity improvement than conventional SPR. The use of TiO2 as an adhesive layer between prism and gold (Au) enhances the sensitivity up to 224.26°/RIU, which is 33.7 and 25.77% better than conventional and proposed SPR biosensor without using TiO2, respectively. This is due to the attractive optical sensing properties of MXene (highly metallic conductivity) and antimonene (high carrier mobility, strong spin–orbit coupling, and stability). Here, antimonene is used as a biomolecular recognition element (BRE) layer, as it absorbs more biomolecules stably due to higher binding energies and larger surface area, even better than graphene.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig.1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

References

  1. K.S. Novoselov, A.K. Geim, S.V. Morozov, D. Jiang, Y. Zhang, S.V. Dubonos, I.V. Grigorieva, A.A. Firsov, Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films. Science 306(5696), 666–669 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. S. Guo, Y. Zhang, Y. Ge, S. Zhang, H. Zeng, H. Zhang, 2D V–V binary materials: status and challenges. Adv. Mater. 31(39), 1902352 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. J. Pei, J. Yang, T. Yildirim, H. Zhang, Y. Lu, Many body complexes in 2D semiconductors. Adv. Mater. 31(2), 1706945 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. X. Jiang, A.V. Kuklin, A. Baev, Y. Ge, H. Ågren, H. Zhang, P.N. Prasad, Two-dimensional MXenes: from morphological to optical, electric, and magnetic properties and applications. Phys. Rep. 848, 1–58 (2020)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. J. He, L. Tao, H. Zhang, B. Zhou, J. Li, Emerging 2D materials beyond graphene for ultrashort pulse generation in fiber lasers. Nanoscale 11, 2577–2593 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. P. Ares, F. Galindo et al., Mechanical isolation of highly stable antimonene under ambient condition. Adv. Mater. 28(30), 6332–6336 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. T. Xue, W. Liang, Y. Li, Y. Sun, Y. Xiang, Y. Zhang, Z. Dai, Y. Duo, L. Wu, K. Qi, B.N. Shivananju, Ultrasensitive detection of miRNA with an antimonene-based surface plasmon resonance sensor. Nat. Commun. 10(1), 1–9 (2019)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. M.K. Singh, S. Pal, Y.K. Prajapati, J.P. Saini, Sensitivity improvement of surface plasmon resonance sensor on using BlueP/MoS2 heterostructure and antimonene. IEEE Sens. Lett. 4(7), 1–4 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  9. K. Wu, H. Ma, Y. Gao, W. Hu, J. Yang, Highly-efficient heterojunction solar cells based on two-dimensional tellurene and transition metal dichalcogenides. J. Mater. Chem. A 7(13), 7430–7436 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. R. Worsley, L. Pimpolari, D. McManus, N. Ge, R. Ionescu, J.A. Wittkopf, A. Alieva, G. Basso, M. Macucci, G. Iannaccone, K.S. Novoselov, All-2D material inkjet-printed capacitors: toward fully printed integrated circuits. ACS Nano 13(1), 54–60 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. X. Wang, Y. Cui, T. Li, M. Lei, J. Li, Z. Wei, Recent advances in the functional 2D photonic and optoelectronic devices. Adv. Opt. Mater. 7(3), 1801274 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. J. Homola, S.S. Yee, G. Gauglitz, Surface plasmon resonance sensors. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 54(1–2), 3–15 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. S. Pal, N. Pal, Y.K. Prajapati, J.P. Saini, Sensitivity analysis of surface plasmon resonance biosensor based on heterostructure of 2D BlueP/MoS2 and MXene: layered advanced materials and their allied applications, in Layered 2D advanced materials and their allied applications. ed. by I. Inamuddin, R. Boddula (Scrivener Publication, Wiley, New York, 2020), pp. 103–125

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. Q. Wu, N. Li, Y. Wang, Y. Xu, S. Wei, J. Wu, G. Jia, X. Fang, F. Chen, X. Cui, A 2D transition metal carbide MXene-based SPR biosensor for ultrasensitive carcinoembryonic antigen detection. Biosens. Bioelectron. 144, 111697 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. T. Srivastava, R. Jha, Black phosphorus: a new platform for gaseous sensing based on surface plasmon resonance. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 30(4), 319–322 (2018)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. S. Pal, A. Verma, J.P. Saini, Y.K. Prajapati, Sensitivity enhancement using silicon-black phosphorus-TDMC coated surface plasmon resonance biosensor. IET Optoelectron. 13(4), 196–201 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Y. Chen, Y. Ge et al., Refractive index sensors based on Ti3C2Tx MXene fibers. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 3(1), 303–311 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. A. Srivastava, A. Verma, R. Das, Y.K. Prajapati, A theoretical approach to improve the performance of SPR biosensor using MXene and black phosphorus. Optik 203, 163430 (2020)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. L. Wu, H.S. Chu, W.S. Koh, E.P. Li, Highly sensitive graphene biosensors based on surface plasmon resonance. Opt. Express 18(14), 14395–14400 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. Q. Xiao et al., Antimonene-based flexible photodetector. Nanoscale Horiz. 5, 124 (2020)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. Y. Song et al., Few-layer antimonene decorated microfiber: ultra-short pulse generation and all-optical thresholding with enhanced long term stability. 2D Mater. 4(4), 045010 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. P. Wan, X. Wen, C. Sun, B.K. Chandran, H. Zhang, X. Sun, X. Chen, Flexible Transparent films based on nanocomposite networks of polyaniline and carbon nanotubes for high-performance gas sensing. Small 1(40), 5409–5415 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. S. Yang, Y. Liu, W. Chen, W. Jin, J. Zhou, H. Zhang, G.S. Zakharova, High sensitivity and good selectivity of ultralong MoO3 nanobelts for trimethylamine gas. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 226, 478–485 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. J. Liu, X. Jiang, R. Zhang, Y. Zhang, L. Wu, W. Lu, J. Li, Y. Li, H. Zhang, MXene enabled electrochemical microfluidic biosensor: applications toward multicomponent continuous monitoring in whole blood. Adv. Funct. Mater. 29(6), p1807326 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. J. Xu, X. Xiao, A.L. Stepanov, F. Ren, W. Wu, G. Cai, S. Zhang, Z. Dai, F. Mei, C. Jiang, Efficiency enhancements in Ag nanoparticles-SiO2–TiO2 sandwiched structure via plasmonic effect-enhanced light capturing. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 8(1), 1–5 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. J.B. Maurya, Y.K. Prajapati, V. Singh, J.P. Saini, Sensitivity enhancement of surface plasmon resonance sensor based on graphene–MoS2 hybrid structure with TiO2–SiO2 composite layer. Appl. Phys. A 121(2), 525–533 (2015)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. S. Singh, Y.K. Prajapati, TiO2/gold-graphene hybrid solid core SPR based PCF RI sensor for sensitivity enhancement. Optik 1(224), 165525 (2020)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. M.A. Mahfuz, M. Hossain, E. Haque, N.H. Hai, Y. Namihira, F. Ahmed, A bimetallic-coated, low propagation loss, photonic crystal fiber based plasmonic refractive index sensor. Sensors 19(17), 3794 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. S. Pal, Y.K. Prajapati, J.P. Saini, Influence of graphene’s chemical potential on SPR biosensor using ZnO for DNA hybridization. Opt. Rev. 27(1), 57–64 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. S. Pal, A. Verma, Y.K. Prajapati, Influence of black phosphorous on performance of surface plasmon resonance biosensor. Opt. Quant. Electron. 49(12), 403 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. S. Gan, Y. Zhao, X. Dai, Y. Xiang, Sensitivity enhancement of surface plasmon resonance sensors with 2D franckeite nanosheets. Results Phys. 13, 102320 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work is supported by Dr. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow (India) under the Ph.D. Scheme, Homi Bhabha Teaching Assistant Research Fellowship. And this work is also partially supported by Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), India (Project Grant: CRG/2019/002636).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology (BIET), Jhansi, U.P., 284128, India

    Surjeet Raikwar & D. K. Srivastava

  2. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology (NSUT), New Delhi, 110078, India

    J. P. Saini

  3. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P., 211004, India

    Y. K. Prajapati

Authors
  1. Surjeet Raikwar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. D. K. Srivastava
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. J. P. Saini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Y. K. Prajapati
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Y. K. Prajapati.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Raikwar, S., Srivastava, D.K., Saini, J.P. et al. 2D-antimonene-based surface plasmon resonance sensor for improvement of sensitivity. Appl. Phys. A 127, 92 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-04248-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-04248-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation