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A microstructural study of the structure of plasma electrolytically oxidized titanium foils

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Abstract

The structure and distribution of TiO2 rutile and anatase phases of anodized titanium foil, subjected to a special high-voltage electrochemical preparation technique, are reported. We applied X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on samples that were oxidized for various times. Combining data from the different techniques led to a model in which the initially formed porous, micrometer-thick TiO2 layer, consisting in a large part of anatase, is transformed into rutile. The result is a porous rutile layer on top of anatase, which is in direct contact with the Ti metal. The first structural model is derived from the evaluated data and the phenomena that occurred during preparation are clarified.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge assistance during EDX measurements from Dr. M. Schleifer and Dr. F. Reinauer (Ametek GmbH, EDAX Business Unit, Kreuzberger Ring 6, D-65205 Wiesbaden, Germany). We also acknowledge financial support from the Central Innovation Program SME (German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology) under Project No. KF2214302BN1.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science, Institute for Experimental Condensed Matter Physics, Heinrich-Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Mhamed El Achhab, Rachid Hamouich & Klaus Schierbaum

  2. Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Andreas Erbe

  3. Carl Zeiss NTS GmbH, 73447, Oberkochen, Germany

    Georg Koschek

Authors
  1. Mhamed El Achhab
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  2. Andreas Erbe
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  3. Georg Koschek
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  4. Rachid Hamouich
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  5. Klaus Schierbaum
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Correspondence to Klaus Schierbaum.

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El Achhab, M., Erbe, A., Koschek, G. et al. A microstructural study of the structure of plasma electrolytically oxidized titanium foils. Appl. Phys. A 116, 2039–2044 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-014-8392-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-014-8392-5

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