Abstract
The effect of surface tension associated internal pressure on the Curie phase transition in ferroelectric nanowires and nanodots has been investigated using a modified Landau–Ginzburg–Devonshire phenomenological approach. Based on experimental data on the size- dependent phase transition in freely suspended single-crystalline ferroelectric nanocrystals, bulk surface tension coefficients for BaTiO3 and PbTiO3 have been determined to be of the order of 1–2 N/m. The present theoretical study reproduces the size dependence of the transition temperature experimentally acquired in individual BaTiO3 single-crystalline nanowires. In the case of PbTiO3 single-crystalline nanodots, however, in order to fit the theoretically calculated size-dependent ferroelectric transition with the experimental data, an effective surface tension coefficient has been introduced, which is size dependent and can be much higher than the bulk value.
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An erratum to this article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-009-5316-x