Differentiation of hepatocellular adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver: comparison of power Doppler imaging and conventional color Doppler sonography

Abstract

The aim of our study was to compare the diagnostic efficacy of power Doppler imaging and conventional color Doppler sonography for differentiating between hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of the liver. Thirty-one focal liver lesions (in 29 patients) with histologic proof of HCA (n = 9) or FNH (n = 22) were studied with power and color Doppler sonography according to a standardized examination protocol. The size of the lesions ranged between 1.5 and 14.5 cm (HCA, 3.5–14.5 cm, mean ± SD 7.3 ± 3.3 cm; FNH, 1.5–9.1 cm, mean ± SD 5.1 ± 2.1 cm). Intratumoral vessels with a venous Doppler spectrum, associated with either pulsatile or continuous peripheral flow, were detected in HCA (eight of nine lesions by power Doppler imaging and six of nine by color Doppler imaging) but not in FNH. In contrast, color signals with an arterial Doppler spectrum, radiating from the center to the periphery of the lesion, were depicted in FNH (20 of 22 cases by power Doppler imaging and 15 of 22 by color Doppler sonography) but not in HCA. Differentiation of HCA and FNH was achieved in 28 of 31 cases (90 %) by power Doppler imaging and in 21 of 31 (68 %) by color Doppler sonography (p < 0.01). Power Doppler imaging is superior to conventional color Doppler sonography in the depiction of the intratumoral flow characteristics of HCA and FNH, and enables a more accurate differential diagnosis than color Doppler sonography.