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Machine learning-based analysis of MR radiomics can help to improve the diagnostic performance of PI-RADS v2 in clinically relevant prostate cancer

  • Oncology
  • Published:
European Radiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

To investigate whether machine learning-based analysis of MR radiomics can help improve the performance PI-RADS v2 in clinically relevant prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods

This IRB-approved study included 54 patients with PCa undergoing multi-parametric (mp) MRI before prostatectomy. Imaging analysis was performed on 54 tumours, 47 normal peripheral (PZ) and 48 normal transitional (TZ) zone based on histological-radiological correlation. Mp-MRI was scored via PI-RADS, and quantified by measuring radiomic features. Predictive model was developed using a novel support vector machine trained with: (i) radiomics, (ii) PI-RADS scores, (iii) radiomics and PI-RADS scores. Paired comparison was made via ROC analysis.

Results

For PCa versus normal TZ, the model trained with radiomics had a significantly higher area under the ROC curve (Az) (0.955 [95% CI 0.923–0.976]) than PI-RADS (Az: 0.878 [0.834–0.914], p < 0.001). The Az between them was insignificant for PCa versus PZ (0.972 [0.945–0.988] vs. 0.940 [0.905–0.965], p = 0.097). When radiomics was added, performance of PI-RADS was significantly improved for PCa versus PZ (Az: 0.983 [0.960–0.995]) and PCa versus TZ (Az: 0.968 [0.940–0.985]).

Conclusion

Machine learning analysis of MR radiomics can help improve the performance of PI-RADS in clinically relevant PCa.

Key Points

• Machine-based analysis of MR radiomics outperformed in TZ cancer against PI-RADS.

• Adding MR radiomics significantly improved the performance of PI-RADS.

• DKI-derived Dapp and Kapp were two strong markers for the diagnosis of PCa.

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Abbreviations

Az:

Area under the ROC curve

DCE:

Dynamic contrast-enhanced

DKI:

Diffusional kurtosis imaging

DWI:

Diffusion-weighted imaging

Mp-MRI:

Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging

PCa:

Prostate cancer

PI-RADS:

Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System

PZ:

Peripheral zone

RESOLVE:

Readout segmentation of long variable echo-trains

ROC:

Receiver operating characteristic curve

SVM:

Support vector machine

TZ:

Transitional zone

VOI:

Volume of interest

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Medical Device Evaluation, CFDA, Beijing, China, 100044

    Jing Wang

  2. Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China, 210009

    Chen-Jiang Wu, Jing Zhang, Xiao-Ning Wang & Yu-Dong Zhang

  3. Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, 210009

    Mei-Ling Bao

Authors
  1. Jing Wang
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  2. Chen-Jiang Wu
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  5. Xiao-Ning Wang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yu-Dong Zhang.

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Guarantor

The scientific guarantor of this publication is Y. Zhang.

Conflict of interest

The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.

Funding

This research was supported by A Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD; JX10231801; Z.Y.D.) and China Postdoctoral Fund (2015 M580453 to Y. Zhang).

Statistics and biometry

One of the authors (Y. Zhang) has significant statistical expertise.

No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper.

Ethical approval

Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.

Informed consent

Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.

Methodology

• retrospective

• diagnostic or prognostic study

• performed at one institution

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Wang, J., Wu, CJ., Bao, ML. et al. Machine learning-based analysis of MR radiomics can help to improve the diagnostic performance of PI-RADS v2 in clinically relevant prostate cancer. Eur Radiol 27, 4082–4090 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-4800-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-4800-5

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