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Lifespan and growth of Astarte borealis (Bivalvia) from Kandalaksha Gulf, White Sea, Russia

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Abstract

Marine bivalves are well known for their impressive lifespans. Like trees, bivalves grow by accretion and record age and size throughout ontogeny in their shell. Bivalves, however, can form growth increments at several different periodicities depending on their local environment. Thus, establishing lifespans and growth rates of marine bivalves requires a proper identification of annual growth increments. Here, we use isotope sclerochronology to decipher the accretionary growth record of modern Astarte borealis from the White Sea, Russia (N 67°05.70′; E 32°40.85′). Unlike winter growth increments observed in many other cold-temperate and boreal bivalve and limpet species, prominent growth increments in A. borealis corresponded to the most negative values in the oxygen isotope (δ18O) time series indicating that they formed during summer. Furthermore, summer growth increments do not coincide with the external concentric ridges on the shell making the latter feature an unreliable indicator of age. Similar to many other polar bivalves, A. borealis shows slow growth and long life. The von Bertalanffy growth equation for our sample is Ht = 29.39*(1 − e(− 0.11(t−(− 1.86))). Lifespans of individuals examined here (n = 18) range from 16 to 48 years. Given its impressive longevity and widespread polar distribution, A. borealis may be a potentially valuable skeletal archive for monitoring environmental conditions in the Arctic Ocean and boreal seas in the face of changing climate.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Anatoly Buchin for delivering the samples used here to the U.S. Thanks to UNC undergraduate students Aleah Walsh and Dipa Desai and graduate student Justin McNabb for sample preparation. We greatly appreciate the help of Neyha Shankar from Chapel Hill High School and Vani Singh from East Chapel Hill High School for providing assistance in imaging, counting, and measuring growth increments. Isotopic analyses were provided by Dr. David Dettman at the Environmental Isotope Laboratory, University of Arizona. Partial funding was provided to DS by National Science Foundation Grant #AGS-1103371 and #EAR-1656974.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geological Sciences, University of North Carolina, 104 South Road, CB #3315, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3315, USA

    David K. Moss & Donna Surge

  2. Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Saint-Petersburg State University, University Embankment 7-9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia

    Vadim Khaitov

  3. Kandalaksha State Nature Reserve, Linejnaya Str., 35, Kandalaksha, Murmansk District, 184040, Russia

    Vadim Khaitov

Authors
  1. David K. Moss
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  2. Donna Surge
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  3. Vadim Khaitov
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to David K. Moss.

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Moss, D.K., Surge, D. & Khaitov, V. Lifespan and growth of Astarte borealis (Bivalvia) from Kandalaksha Gulf, White Sea, Russia. Polar Biol 41, 1359–1369 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-018-2290-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-018-2290-9

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