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Hormonal signals involved in the regulation of cambial activity, xylogenesis and vessel patterning in trees

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Abstract

The radial growth of plant stem is based on the development of cribro-vascular cambium tissues. It affects the transport efficiency of water, mineral nutrients and photoassimilates and, ultimately, also plant height. The rate of cambial cell divisions for the assembly of new xylem and phloem tissue primordia and the rate of differentiation of the primordia into mature tissues determine the amount of biomass produced and, in the case of woody species, the wood quality. These complex physiological processes proceed at a rate which depends on several factors, acting at various levels: growth regulators, resource availability and environmental factors. Several hormonal signals and, more recently, further regulatory molecules, have been shown to be involved in the induction and maintenance of cambium and the formation of secondary vascular tissues. The control of xylem cell patterning is of particular interest, because it determines the diameter of xylem vessels, which is central to the efficiency of water and nutrient transport from roots to leaves through the stem and may strongly influence the growth in height of the tree. Increasing scientific evidence have proved the role of other hormones in cambial cell activities and the study of the hormonal signals and their crosstalking in cambial cells may foster our understanding of the dynamics of xylogenesis and of the mechanism of vessel size control along the stem. In this article, the role of the hormonal signals involved in the control of cambium and xylem development in trees and their crosstalking are reviewed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, University of Pisa, via L. Ghini, 13, 56126, Pisa, Italy

    Carlo Sorce

  2. Trees and Timber Institute (IVALSA-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto F.no (Florence), Italy

    Alessio Giovannelli

  3. Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore “S. Anna”, Piazza Martiri della Libertà, 33, 56127, Pisa, Italy

    Luca Sebastiani

  4. Department Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali (TeSAF), University of Padova, Agripolis-Viale dell’Università, 16, 35020, Legnaro (Padua), Italy

    Tommaso Anfodillo

Authors
  1. Carlo Sorce
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  2. Alessio Giovannelli
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  3. Luca Sebastiani
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  4. Tommaso Anfodillo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Carlo Sorce.

Additional information

Communicated by P. Kumar.

A contribution to the Special Issue: Plant Hormone Signaling.

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Sorce, C., Giovannelli, A., Sebastiani, L. et al. Hormonal signals involved in the regulation of cambial activity, xylogenesis and vessel patterning in trees. Plant Cell Rep 32, 885–898 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-013-1431-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-013-1431-4

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