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Periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis lowers gingival crevicular fluid interleukin-1beta and DAS28 in rheumatoid arthritis patients

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Abstract

To evaluate clinical outcomes and effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on serum, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in chronic periodontitis patients with/without rheumatoid arthritis (RA), fifteen RA patients with chronic periodontitis (RA-P) and 15 systemically healthy non-RA chronic periodontitis patients (H-P) were recruited. Clinical periodontal recordings, GCF, and blood samples were obtained at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months after periodontal treatment. GCF, serum IL-1β, TNF-α levels were analyzed by ELISA. Disease activity score 28 (DAS28) was used to assess RA clinical morbidity. Study groups were compared by Mann–Whitney U test. Wilcoxon test was used to compare the data at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months after periodontal therapy within the same group. DAS28 decreased significantly after periodontal therapy in RA-P group (p < 0.01). Serum TNF-α concentrations of H-P group were significantly higher than those of RA-P group (p < 0.01), whereas IL-1β levels were similar. No significant change was observed in serum levels of these cytokines after periodontal therapy. GCF IL-1β amounts decreased significantly in both groups following treatment (p < 0.01). At 6-months, H-P GCF IL-1β concentrations were significantly lower than baseline. DAS28 and GCF IL-1β correlated with clinical periodontal indices (p < 0.01). Significant decreases in DAS28 and GCF IL-1β amounts after periodontal treatment suggest that periodontal therapy synergizes with systemic RA therapy to improve RA status.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the grant from the Ege University Research Foundation (2007 Diş 001), İzmir, Turkey and also by University of Louisville, KY, USA.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey

    Başak Bıyıkoğlu, Nurcan Buduneli & Evren Evrenosoğlu

  2. Center for Oral Health and Systemic Disease, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA

    Başak Bıyıkoğlu & Denis F. Kinane

  3. Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey

    Kenan Aksu

  4. Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey

    Ayşe Nalbantsoy

  5. Infection and Immunity Research Group, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

    David F. Lappin

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  1. Başak Bıyıkoğlu
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  2. Nurcan Buduneli
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  3. Kenan Aksu
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  4. Ayşe Nalbantsoy
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  6. Evren Evrenosoğlu
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Correspondence to Nurcan Buduneli.

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Bıyıkoğlu, B., Buduneli, N., Aksu, K. et al. Periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis lowers gingival crevicular fluid interleukin-1beta and DAS28 in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Rheumatol Int 33, 2607–2616 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-013-2781-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-013-2781-5

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