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Composites based on high-density polyethylene, polylactide and calcium carbonate: effect of calcium carbonate nanoparticles as co-compatibilizers

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Abstract

Investigating the compatibility mechanism of hybrid composites based on two polymers and one mineral nanofiller is a challenge that needs to be better understood. This study evaluates the effect of calcium carbonate (nCaCO3) nanoparticles as co-compatibilizers in a blend based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA), polyethylene from renewable sources (HDPE) and maleic anhydride grafting polyethylene (HDPE-g-MA or MA) using rheological and morphological analyses. Morphological assessment by scanning electron microscopy showed the formation of co-continuous-like phase morphology when nCaCO3 was added to the PLA/MA/HDPE blend, indicating that nCaCO3 affected the dispersion of PLA domains in the HDPE matrix. Rheological characterization carried out by stress relaxation and sweep frequency response analysis demonstrated that the addition of nCaCO3 improved the solid-like behavior of the blend, corroborating the morphological results. Additionally, an interaction mechanism of nCaCO3 as a co-compatibilizer was also proposed.

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Acknowledgements

Authors thank BRASKEM, CHEMTURA and LAGOS for HDPE, HDPE-g-MA and nCaCO3 donation, respectively, and CNPq for the scholarship grants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Processos Químicos, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-900, Brazil

    Amanda Gerhardt de Oliveira & Ana Maria Furtado de Sousa

  2. Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano (IMA/UFRJ), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Horácio Macedo, 2030, Centro de Tecnologia, Prédio do Bloco J, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 21941-598, Brazil

    Janaina Fernandes Moreno, Viviane Alves Escócio & Ana Lucia Nazareth da Silva

  3. Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira, 149, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco E, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 21941-611, Brazil

    Maria José de Oliveira Cavalcanti Guimarães

  4. Programa de Engenharia Ambiental (PEA/UFRJ), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira, 149, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco A, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 21941-909, Brazil

    Ana Lucia Nazareth da Silva

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  1. Amanda Gerhardt de Oliveira
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Correspondence to Ana Lucia Nazareth da Silva.

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de Oliveira, A.G., Moreno, J.F., de Sousa, A.M.F. et al. Composites based on high-density polyethylene, polylactide and calcium carbonate: effect of calcium carbonate nanoparticles as co-compatibilizers. Polym. Bull. 77, 2889–2904 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-019-02887-9

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