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Metabolomic Signatures of In Vitro Biofilm Maturation of Streptococcus mutans

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Abstract

The Streptococcus mutans is commonly find in oral environment in both symbiont and dysbiotic conditions, where for the last one it causes the break in homeostatic balance and, in association with other microorganisms’ community, results in dental caries process. Additionally, it is important to determine the low molecular weight metabolites profile from Streptococcus mutans to distinguish the endogenous and exogenous compounds from patient subjected to salivary metabolomic studies. Thus, the objective of the present study was to characterize the in vitro metabolomic profile of the maturation of a single-species Streptococcus mutans biofilm using metabolomic approach by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. A distinct metabolomic profile was observed after 2 days of biofilm maturation, independently of the presence of enamel substrate. Sucrose, lactate, and fructose were the main metabolites responsible for the distinction. The sucrose was consumed by S. mutans in higher levels in the initial experimental periods than at 6 days of biofilm growth. Lactate and fructose were the main compounds secreted, regardless of the type of growth, but it was also observed production of propionate, iso-butyrate, and pyruvate. Pyruvate metabolism and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis were the main pathways related to biofilm growth. The results contribute to the determination of compounds that are resulted from oral microbial activity and help to guide further metabolomics studies.

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Data Availability

Availability of data and material: The data are available in MetaboLights (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/).

Code availability

Available under the number MTBLS1762.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the CENABIO 1—Jiri Jonas Nuclear Magnetic Resonance National Center and the Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory in Dentistry for all the technical support they provided. We also acknowledge the Cambridge ProofreadingTM LLC for the professional English proofreading.

Funding

The authors acknowledge the financial support received from the agencies FAPERJ, CNPq, CAPES (Finance Code 001), and the National Institute of Science and Technology of Structural Biology and Bioimaging (INCT-INBEB).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-617, Brazil

    Aline S. Letieri, Liana B. Freitas-Fernandes & Ivete P. R. Souza

  2. Medical Biochemistry Institute, National Center for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, 21.941-590, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Ana P. Valente

  3. Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro, Boulevard Vinte E Oito de Setembro, 157, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20551-030, Brazil

    Tatiana K. S. Fidalgo

Authors
  1. Aline S. Letieri
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  2. Liana B. Freitas-Fernandes
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  4. Ana P. Valente
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Contributions

Conceptualization, validation, and supervision were performed by APV, IPRS, LBFF, and TKSF. Methodology and project administration were done by APV and TKSF. Formal analysis was performed by ASL, APV, LBFF, and TKSF. . Resources and funding acquisition were carried out by APV, IPRS, and TKSF. Data curation, investigation, writing original draft, writing—review & editing, and visualization were performed by ASL, APV, IPRS, LBFF, and TKSF.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Ana P. Valente or Tatiana K. S. Fidalgo.

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Letieri, A.S., Freitas-Fernandes, L.B., Souza, I.P.R. et al. Metabolomic Signatures of In Vitro Biofilm Maturation of Streptococcus mutans. Curr Microbiol 79, 86 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-022-02778-9

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