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Plasmafiltration as a possible contributor to kinetic targeting of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in order to prevent organ toxicity and immunosuppression

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Abstract

Purpose

To examine the removal of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) during plasmafiltration (PF) and determine whether the drug could be withheld prior to its organ distribution responsible for mucocutaneous toxicity.

Methods

Six patients suffering from platinum-resistant ovarian cancer were treated with a 1-h IV infusion 50 mg/m2 of PLD/cycle—for three cycles q4w. Over 44 (46)–47(49) h postinfusion, five patients (14 cycles in total) underwent PF using a cascade PF method consisted of plasma separation by centrifugation and plasma treatment using filtration based one volume of plasma treatment, i.e., 3.18 L (±0.6 L) and plasma flow 1.0 L/h (0.91–1.48 L/h). Doxorubicin concentration in blood was monitored by a high-performance liquid chromatography method for 116 h postinfusion. Pharmacokinetic parameters determined from plasma concentration included volume of distribution, total body clearance, half-life of elimination, and area under the plasma concentration versus time. The amount of doxorubicin in the body eliminated by the patient and via extracorporeal treatment was evaluated. Toxicity was tested using CTCAE v4.0.

Results

The efficacy of PF and early responses to PLD/PF combination strategy were as follows: over 44(46) h postinfusion considered necessary for target distribution of PLD to tumor, patients eliminated 46 % (35–56 %) of the dose administered. Over 44(46)–47(49) h postinfusion, a single one-volume plasma filtration removed 40 % (22–45 %) (Mi5) of the remaining doxorubicin amount in the body. Total fraction eliminated attained 81 % (75–86 %). The most common treatment-related adverse events (grade 1–2) such as nausea (4/14 cycles—28 %) and vomiting (3/14 cycles—21 %) appeared during 44 h postinfusion. Hematological toxicity—anemia (5/14 cycles—35 %) was reported after cycle II termination. Symptoms of PPE-like syndrome (grade 1–2) appeared in one patient concomitantly with thrombophlebitis and malignant effusion. In this study, only one adverse reaction (1/14—7 %) as short-term malaise and nausea was reported by the investigator as probably related to PF.

Conclusion

A single one-volume PF does remove a clinically important amount of doxorubicin in a kinetic targeting approach. There were no serious signs of drug toxicity and/or PF-related adverse events. Kinetically guided therapy with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin combined with PF may be a useful tool to the higher efficacy and tolerability of therapy with PLD.

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Acknowledgments

This short study was supported by the Grant IGA MZ NT 14035-3/2013.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Charles University in Prague, Medical Faculty and University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

    Jiřina Martínková, Ondřej Kubeček & Stanislav Filip

  2. 4th Department of Internal Medicine – Hematology, Charles University in Prague, Medical Faculty and University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

    Milan Bláha

  3. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Charles University in Prague, Medical Faculty and University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

    Jana Maláková

  4. Department of Gynecology, Charles University in Prague, Medical Faculty and University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

    Jiří Špaček

  5. Department of Surgery, Charles University in Prague, Medical Faculty and University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

    Jan Bezouška

  6. Department of Biophysics, Charles University in Prague, Medical Faculty and University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

    Iva Selke Krulichová

Authors
  1. Jiřina Martínková
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  2. Milan Bláha
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  7. Iva Selke Krulichová
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  8. Stanislav Filip
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Correspondence to Stanislav Filip.

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Martínková, J., Bláha, M., Kubeček, O. et al. Plasmafiltration as a possible contributor to kinetic targeting of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in order to prevent organ toxicity and immunosuppression. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 77, 429–437 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-015-2936-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-015-2936-z

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