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Biofeedback bei kraniomandibulären Dysfunktionen

Vorläufige Wirksamkeit und Akzeptanz eines Biofeedback-gestützten kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutischen Therapiekonzepts

Biofeedback-based cognitive-behavioral treatment for chronic temporomandibular disorders

Preliminary data from a randomized controlled trial

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Kraniomandibuläre Dysfunktionen (CMD), gekennzeichnet durch Schmerzen in Kiefermuskulatur und -gelenken, stellen bei 3% der Bevölkerung ein behandlungsbedürftiges Problem dar. Ziele der vorgestellten Studie waren die Entwicklung eines Biofeedback-gestützten kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutischen Behandlungsmanuals (BFB-KVT) und dessen Evaluation im Vergleich zur zahnmedizinischen Standardbehandlung im Rahmen einer randomisierten kontrollierten Studie.

Methoden

Die ersten Ergebnisse zur Wirksamkeit und Akzeptanz von 26 Patienten mit chronifizierten CMD werden dargestellt. Sie erhielten entweder 8 Sitzungen der BFB-KVT (n=15) oder eine zahnmedizinische Aufbissschienen- (ABS-)Behandlung (n=11).

Ergebnisse

Beide Behandlungsmethoden bewirkten eine deutliche Reduktion der Schmerzintensität und der kieferspezifischen Beeinträchtigung. Darüber hinaus fand sich lediglich für die BFB-KVT eine Reduktion der schmerzbedingten Beeinträchtigung, und diese fand eine größere Akzeptanz bei den Patienten.

Schlussfolgerung

Die Befunde sind ein erster Hinweis auf die wirksame Behandlungsmöglichkeit bei chronifizierten CMD durch die eine BFB-KVT. Notwendig sind Wiederholungen an größeren Stichproben und katamnestische Untersuchungen.

Abstract

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a painful condition present in 3% of the population. The aim of the present study was to develop a biofeedback-based cognitive-behavioral treatment for chronic TMD (BFB-KVT) and to evaluate its effectiveness compared to dental treatment. A total of 26 patients suffering from chronic TMD were randomly assigned to either BFB-KVT (n=15) or occlusal splint treatment (n=11). Preliminary data showed that both treatments reduced pain intensity and jaw disability. Greater improvement of pain-related disability was found for BFB-KVT, and its acceptance by the patients was higher. The proposed protocol appears to be an effective treatment for chronic TMD. The evaluation in a larger sample and of long-term efficacy will follow.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, 35032, Marburg, Deutschland

    Meike C. Shedden Mora Dipl.-Psych., Gaby Bleichhardt & Winfried Rief

  2. Medizinisches Zentrum für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Deutschland

    Daniel Weber & Andreas Neff

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  1. Meike C. Shedden Mora Dipl.-Psych.
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  2. Gaby Bleichhardt
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  3. Daniel Weber
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  4. Andreas Neff
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  5. Winfried Rief
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Correspondence to Meike C. Shedden Mora Dipl.-Psych..

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Shedden Mora, M., Bleichhardt, G., Weber, D. et al. Biofeedback bei kraniomandibulären Dysfunktionen. Psychotherapeut 55, 217–224 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00278-010-0739-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00278-010-0739-6

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