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Prevalence and pattern of stylohyoid chain complex patterns detected by panoramic radiographs among Turkish population

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Abstract

Objective

The calcified stylohyoid ligament and the elongated styloid process (SP) are identified radiographically, are associated with several syndromes and symptoms. The aim of this study was to classify and determine the incidence of different types of stylohyoid chain patterns in Turkish population to provide a guide for the dentist and maxillofacial surgeon. The effect of menopause, on the elongation of SP was also investigated.

Method

1,600 patients, who visited Ege University Faculty of Dentistry, were enrolled. Images were evaluated for the pattern of stylohyoid chain complex according to O’Carroll’s classification. The difference between age and gender was evaluated using χ2 and ANOVA tests.

Results

Normal SP (Patterns A, B, C, D) 68.3 %, elongated SP (Pattern E) 27.1 %, calcified stylohyoid ligament (Patterns F, G, H, I, J, K) 1.7 % and absent stylohyoid chain 2.5 % ratios were encountered. Pattern D (52.5 %) was the most prevalent stylohyoid chain pattern followed by Pattern E (27.1 %) and Pattern C (10.7 %), respectively. Among the calcified stylohyoid ligament groups studied, Pattern G (2.6 %) was most frequently observed. There was no difference in gender for the type of stylohyoid chain complex pattern (p > 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between menopause and non-menopause group (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

According to the results of the present study, styloid process elongation is more common in older adults with no correlation to gender. In addition, menopause had no effect on the calcification or elongation of the stylohyoid chain. The sum of the elongated SP and the calcified stylohyoid ligament was 28.8 %.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey

    Esin Alpoz & Gunnur Lomcali

  2. Ataturk Medical Technology Vocational School, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey

    Gulcan Coskun Akar

  3. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, TR-35100, Izmir, Turkey

    Servet Celik & Figen Govsa

Authors
  1. Esin Alpoz
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  2. Gulcan Coskun Akar
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  3. Servet Celik
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  4. Figen Govsa
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  5. Gunnur Lomcali
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Correspondence to Figen Govsa.

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Alpoz, E., Akar, G.C., Celik, S. et al. Prevalence and pattern of stylohyoid chain complex patterns detected by panoramic radiographs among Turkish population. Surg Radiol Anat 36, 39–46 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-013-1137-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-013-1137-x

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