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Clinical anatomy of the arterial supply of the human patellar ligament

Vascularisation du ligament patellaire humain: Anatomie clinique

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Abstract.

The arterial supply of the human patellar ligament has been systematized on 20 knee joints. After intravascular injection of colored natural latex, the blood supply to the extensor apparatus of the knee was studied by anatomical dissection and tissue transparentation techniques. Three arterial pedicles (superior, middle and inferior) were observed placed on each side of the patellar ligament. Medial pedicles had their origin from the descending and the inferior medial genicular arteries. The lateral pedicles took their origin from the lateral genicular arteries and the recurrent tibial anterior artery. Two main vascular arches anastomosed with these pedicles: the retropatellar and the supratubercular. Both arterial pedicles and anastomotic arches gave rise to a peritendinous network, characterized by a high vascular density next to poles of the patellar ligament. Only the anastomotic arches gave rise to collateral vessels that pierced the tendon, which revealed two vascular segments in the arterial supply of the patellar ligament (bipolar pattern). The upper segment was supplied by deep vessels from the retropatellar arch, whereas the inferior segment received superficial vessels from collaterals of the supratubercular arch. These intratendinous vessels anastomosed in the middle third of the patellar ligament. The French version of this article is available in the form of electronic supplementary material and can be obtained by using the Springer Link server located at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-002-0042-5

Résumé.

La vascularisation artérielle du ligament patellaire humain a été étudiée sur 20 genoux. Après injection intra-vasculaire de latex naturel coloré, la vascularisation de l’appareil extenseur du genou a été étudiée par des techniques de dissection anatomique et de transparification des tissus. Trois pédicules artériels (supérieur, moyen et inférieur) ont été observés de chaque côté du ligament patellaire. Les pédicules médiaux tiraient leur origine de l’artère descendante du genou et de l’artère géniculée inféro-médiale. Les pédicules latéraux tiraient leur origine des artères géniculée latérales et de l’artère récurrente tibiale antérieure. Deux arcades principales anastomosaient ces pédicules : la rétro-patellaire et la supra-tuberculaire. L’ensemble, pédicules artériels et arcades anastomotiques, donnait naissance à un réseau péri-tendineux caractérisé par une haute densité vasculaire à chaque extrémité du ligament patellaire. Seules les arcades anastomotiques donnaient naissance aux vaisseaux collatéraux qui perforaient le ligament patellaire, et révélaient deux zones de vascularisation dans celui-ci (type bipolaire). La zone supérieure était vascularisée par les vaisseaux profonds issus de l’arcade rétro-patellaire, tandis que la partie inférieure du ligament patellaire recevait les vaisseaux superficiels de l’arcade supra-tuberculaire. Ces vaisseaux intra-tendineux s’anastomosaient dans la portion moyenne du ligament.

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Soldado, .F., Reina, .F., Yuguero, .M. et al. Clinical anatomy of the arterial supply of the human patellar ligament. Surg Radiol Anat 24, 177–182 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-002-0042-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-002-0042-5

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