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Gas exchange and water-use efficiency of cv. Sangiovese grafted to rootstocks of varying water-deficit tolerance

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Abstract

Testing of new rootstocks for drought tolerance targets traditionally rain-fed districts where supplemental irrigation is more frequently needed due to the pressures of global warming. A seasonal evaluation of gas exchange and water-use efficiency (WUE) of cv. Sangiovese grafted to the new drought-tolerant genotype M4 in a dry-down trial against the commercial SO4 stock is reported. The experiment was conducted in 2014 on twelve 2-year-old, non-fruiting potted Sangiovese grapevines grafted on M4 and SO4 stocks and assigned to SO4-WW (well-watered), SO4-WS (water-stressed), M4-WW and M4-WS treatments. Progressive water deficit was imposed by reducing water supply to 70, 50 and 30 % of whole-canopy demand derived from concurrent measurements of transpiration in WW. Unlike SO4, M4 showed slower stress progression, as highlighted by pre-dawn leaf water potential, and retained higher whole-canopy net CO2 exchange rates (NCER) and transpiration rates per unit of leaf area at all replenishment levels as well as exhibiting higher canopy WUE at both 50 and 30 % WW. Although single-leaf assessment was in partial disagreement with data recorded on the whole-canopy basis, robust data were acquired to confirm that the M4 stock performs better than SO4 at any water replenishment level in terms of higher NCER/leaf area and/or canopy WUE. Findings feed expectations that grafting Sangiovese to the M4 rootstock should result in a problem-solving tool for rain-fed areas subject to temporary summer drought.

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Acknowledgments

Authors wish to thank Dr. David Verzoni for careful revision of the English style.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Vegetali Sostenibili, Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy

    M. Galbignani, M. C. Merli, E. Magnanini, F. Bernizzoni, M. Gatti & S. Poni

  2. CICYTEX. Technological Institute of Food and Agriculture (INTAEX), (Government of 8 Extremadura), Av. Adolfo Suárez, s/n, 06071, Badajoz, Spain

    I. Talaverano

  3. Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06128, Perugia, Italy

    S. Tombesi & A. Palliotti

Authors
  1. M. Galbignani
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  2. M. C. Merli
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  3. E. Magnanini
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  4. F. Bernizzoni
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  5. I. Talaverano
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  6. M. Gatti
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  7. S. Tombesi
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  8. A. Palliotti
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  9. S. Poni
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. Poni.

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Communicated by E. Fereres.

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Galbignani, M., Merli, M.C., Magnanini, E. et al. Gas exchange and water-use efficiency of cv. Sangiovese grafted to rootstocks of varying water-deficit tolerance. Irrig Sci 34, 105–116 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-016-0490-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-016-0490-z

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