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Evacuation of hydatid liver cysts using laparoscopic trocar

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Abstract

Several methods of reducing the likelihood of spilling live scolices during surgical removal of hydatid liver disease have been described. The aim was to determine the effectiveness and safety of laparoscopic trocar insertion for evacuation of hydatid liver cysts. This technique was used for 30 cysts in 19 patients who had surgery for hydatid liver disease. After establishing protection of the operative area, a laparoscopic trocar was inserted into the cyst at the most prominent point and the cyst was aspirated with large-bore suction and filled with a scolicidal agent. The technique was not attempted in two small cysts (< 6 cm) located near the major blood vessels or in a single intraparenchymal cyst. Insertion of the trocar was successful in all remaining cysts, and there were no complications during the insertion or the evacuation. Successful evacuation (excellent and good outcomes) in unilocular, multilocular, and degenerated cysts were 100%, 84%, and 57%, respectively (p=0.144), with a total success rate of 82%. Although successful evacuation was achieved in both anterior (92%) and posterior-superior located cysts (73%) (p=0.203), excellent outcomes were higher for the anterior cysts (73%) than for the posterior-superior cysts (13%) (p=0.005). Successful evacuation outcomes for the large (τ 10 cm), middle-sized (6 to 10 cm), and small cysts (< 6 cm) were 100%, 79%, and 67%, respectively (p=0.591). The patients have been followed for a mean of 11 months (range 3 to 24 months), and no recurrence has been recorded. Insertion and evacuation of the hydatid liver cysts with a laparoscopic trocar is a safe and effective procedure, and its limitations are minimal.

Résumé

On a décrit plusieurs méthodes pour réduire la probabilité de répandre des scolices vivants pendant l’ablation des kystes hydatiques. Le but de cette étude a été de déterminer l’efficience et la sûreté de l’évacuation de kystes hydatides par laparoscopic Cette technique a été utilisée pour 30 kystes chez 19 patients qui ont eu une chirurgie pour kyste hydatique. Après protection du champs opératoire, on a inséré à la partie proéminente du kyste, un trocart pour aspirer le contenu avec une canule de gros calibre, ensuite on a rempli la cavité d’un agent scolicidal. La technique laparoscopique n’a pas été effectuée dans deux cas de kystes de petite taille (< 6 cm) localisés près des structures vasculaires majeures et dans un cas de kyste intraparenchymateux. On a réussi l’insertion du trocart dans tous les autres cas de kyste. Il n’y avait aucune complication pendant l’insertion et l’évacuation. L’évacuation avec succès (résultat excellent et bon) dans les kystes uniloculaires, multiloculaires et dégénérés a été de 100%, de 84% et de 57%, respectivement (p=0.144) avec un taux de succès au total de 82%. Bien que l’évacuation a été réussie aussi bien dans les kystes antérieurs (92%) que dans les kystes postéro-supérieurs (73%) (p=0.203), le résultat a été coté «excellent» plus souvent dans les kystes antérieurs (73%) par rapport aux kystes postéro-supérieurs (13%) (p=0.005). Le taux de succès de vidange des kystes de grande (τ; 10 cm), moyenne (6–10 cm) et petite (< 6 cm) taille ont été, respectivement, de 100%, de 79% et de 67% (p=0.591). Les patients ont été suivis pendant une moyenne de 11 mois (extrêmes 3–24 mois) et aucune récidive n’a été observée. L’évacuation d’un kyste hydatique au moyen d’un trocart est sure et efficace; ses limitations sont minimes.

Resumen

Se han descrito diferentes métodos para prevenir el vertido de los escólex durante la extirpación de un quiste hidatídico de hígado. El objetivo del trabajo fue averiguar la seguridad y eficacia del vaciamiento del quiste hidatídico de hígado mediante la inserción laparoscópica de un trocar. Este proceder se utilizó en 19 pacientes portadores de 30 quistes. Tras la protección del campo operatorio, se insertó en el punto más prominente del quiste, un trocar laparoscopics, evacuándose su contenido mediante un aspìrador con amplios orificios; a continuación, la cavidad quística se rellenó con agentes escolicidas. Esta técnica no se empleó en dos quistes pequeños (< 6 cm), localizados próximos al árbol vascular, ni en un quiste intraparenquimatoso. La punción fue posible en todos los casos restantes. No se registraron complicaciones durante la punción-evacuación. Esta técnica proporcionó globalmente un 82% de excelentes y/o buenos resultados: en los quistes uniloculares (100%), en los multiloculares (84%) y en los degenerados (57%) (p=0.144). Aunque se logró la evacuación tanto de los quistes de localización anterior (92%) como de los postero-superiores (73%) (p=0.203) los resultados fueron mejores en los anteriores (73%) que en los postero-superiores (13%) (p=0.005). Los resultados, por lo que al éxito de la evacuación se refiere, fue del 100% en quistes grandes (τ; 10 cm), 79% en los medianos (6–10 cm) y del 67% en los pequeños (< 6 cm) (p=0.591). El seguimiento medio fue de 11 meses (rango 3–24 meses) sin que se observasen recidivas. La punción y evacuación de quistes hidatídicos de hígado a través de un trocar laparoscópico es un procedimiento seguro y efectivo, siendo mínimas sus contraindicaciones.

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Correspondence to Cuneyt Kayaalp M.D..

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Published Online: September 26, 2002

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Kayaalp, C. Evacuation of hydatid liver cysts using laparoscopic trocar. World J. Surg. 26, 1324–1327 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-002-5801-2

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