Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

The Vacuum-Assisted Breast Biopsy System is an Effective Strategy for the Treatment of Gynecomastia

  • Original Article
  • Breast Surgery
  • Published:
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Gynecomastia is the most common benign disease in males with an increasing prevalence in recent years. It may cause local pain and psychological disorders. The vacuum-assisted breast biopsy system has been reported to be a novel surgical approach for the treatment of gynecomastia. However, there are little detailed reports comparing the curative effect between traditional surgery and vacuum-assisted breast biopsy for gynecomastia. Besides, there was little study which compared the application of two different systems for the treatment of gynecomastia. Our study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of vacuum-assisted breast biopsy systems for patients with gynecomastia.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 83 patients with gynecomastia between January 2015 and December 2019. Open surgery was performed in 56 patients, and vacuum-assisted breast biopsy was performed in 27 patients. The characteristics of patients as well as the curative effects between the two groups were analyzed. The two vacuum-assisted breast biopsy systems (Mammotome and Encor) were performed for the patients with gynecomastia. The efficacy, safety, complications, and patient satisfactions were recorded during postoperative follow-up periods.

Results

Compared with the open surgery group, the vacuum-assisted breast biopsy group had significantly smaller scar sizes left after the operation (5.5 ± 1.3 cm vs 0.8 ± 0.2 cm, p < 0.001), and shorter hospital stay time (5.5 ± 2.4 ds vs 3.1 ± 1.6 ds, p < 0.001). Patients in vacuum-assisted breast biopsy group had a better cosmetic outcome than those in open surgery group. There were no statistically significant differences between the two vacuum-assisted breast biopsy systems according to the mean age, the mean operation time, sites, or grade. In addition, no serious complications were observed in vacuum-assisted breast biopsy group. All the patients recovered well and were satisfied with the cosmetic outcomes.

Conclusion

The vacuum-assisted breast biopsy system can be used as a feasible and minimally invasive approach for the treatment of gynecomastia.

Level of Evidence IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Narula HS, Carlson HE (2014) Gynaecomastia–pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Nat Rev Endocrinol 10:684–698

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Braunstein GD (2007) Clinical practice. Gynecomastia. N Engl J Med 357:1229–1237

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Nuttall FQ, Warrier RS, Gannon MC (2015) Gynecomastia and drugs: a critical evaluation of the literature. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 71:569–578

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Olsson H, Bladstrom A, Alm P (2002) Male gynecomastia and risk for malignant tumours–a cohort study. BMC Cancer 2:26

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Rew L, Young C, Harrison T, Caridi R (2015) A systematic review of literature on psychosocial aspects of gynecomastia in adolescents and young men. J Adolesc 43:206–212

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Hanavadi S, Banerjee D, Monypenny IJ, Mansel RE (2006) The role of tamoxifen in the management of gynaecomastia. Breast 15:276–280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ladizinski B, Lee KC, Nutan FN, Higgins HW 2nd, Federman DG (2014) Gynecomastia: etiologies, clinical presentations, diagnosis, and management. South Med J 107:44–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Webster DJ (1989) Benign disorders of the male breast. World J Surg 13:726–730

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Simon BE, Hoffman S, Kahn S (1973) Classification and surgical correction of gynecomastia. Plast Reconstr Surg 51:48–52

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Abdelrahman I, Steinvall I, Mossaad B, Sjoberg F, Elmasry M (2018) Evaluation of glandular liposculpture as a single treatment for grades I and II gynaecomastia. Aesthet Plast Surg 42:1222–1230

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Waltho D, Hatchell A, Thoma A (2017) Gynecomastia classification for surgical management: a systematic review and novel classification system. Plast Reconstr Surg 139:638e–648e

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Soliman AT, De Sanctis V, Yassin M (2017) Management of adolescent gynecomastia: an update. Acta Biomed 88:204–213

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Qutob O, Elahi B, Garimella V, Ihsan N, Drew PJ (2010) Minimally invasive excision of gynaecomastia–a novel and effective surgical technique. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 92:198–200

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Varlet F, Raia-Barjat T, Bustangi N, Vermersch S, Scalabre A (2019) Treatment of gynecomastia by endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy in adolescents. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 29:1073–1076

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Brown RH, Chang DK, Siy R, Friedman J (2015) Trends in the surgical correction of gynecomastia. Semin Plast Surg 29:122–130

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Cao H, Yang ZX, Sun YH, Wu HR, Jiang GQ (2013) Endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy: a novel and effective treatment for gynecomastia. Exp Ther Med 5:1683–1686

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Mariscotti G, Durando M, Robella M, Angelino F, Regini E, Campanino PP, Belletti M, Osano S, Bergamasco L, Fonio P, Gandini G (2015) Mammotome((R)) and EnCor ((R)): comparison of two systems for stereotactic vacuum-assisted core biopsy in the characterisation of suspicious mammographic microcalcifications alone. Radiol Med 120:369–376

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Park HL, Hong J (2014) Vacuum-assisted breast biopsy for breast cancer. Gland Surg 3:120–127

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Iwuagwu OC, Calvey TA, Ilsley D, Drew PJ (2004) Ultrasound guided minimally invasive breast surgery (UMIBS): a superior technique for gynecomastia. Ann Plast Surg 52:131–133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Wang Y, Wang J, Liu L, Liang W, Qin Y, Zheng Z, Zou S, Xu Y, Chen C, Feng Z, Zhang J, Tao L, Chen X (2019) Comparison of curative effects between mammotome-assisted minimally invasive resection (MAMIR) and traditional open surgery for gynecomastia in Chinese patients: a prospective clinical study. Breast J 25:1084–1089

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Yao Y, Yang Y, Liu J, Wang Y, Zhao Y (2019) Vacuum-assisted minimally invasive surgery—an innovative method for the operative treatment of gynecomastia. Surgery 166:934–939

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Bailey SH, Guenther D, Constantine F, Rohrich RJ (2016) Gynecomastia management: an evolution and refinement in technique at UT southwestern medical center. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 4:e734

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Wyrick DL, Roberts M, Young ZT, Mancino AT (2018) Changing practices: the addition of a novel surgical approach to gynecomastia. Am J Surg 216:547–550

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Longheu A, Medas F, Corrias F, Farris S, Tatti A, Pisano G, Erdas E, Calo PG (2016) Surgical management of gynecomastia: experience of a general surgery center. G Chir 37:150–154

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. Kim DH, Byun IH, Lee WJ, Rah DK, Kim JY, Lee DW (2016) Surgical management of gynecomastia: subcutaneous mastectomy and liposuction. Aesthet Plast Surg 40:877–884

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Fricke A, Lehner GM, Stark GB, Penna V (2017) Long-term follow-up of recurrence and patient satisfaction after surgical treatment of gynecomastia. Aesthet Plast Surg 41:491–498

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Park HL, Kim LS (2011) The current role of vacuum assisted breast biopsy system in breast disease. J Breast Cancer 14:1–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Wang ZL, Liu G, Huang Y, Wan WB, Li JL (2012) Percutaneous excisional biopsy of clinically benign breast lesions with vacuum-assisted system: comparison of three devices. Eur J Radiol 81:725–730

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We are especially grateful to all the patients that participated in this study. This work was supported by Grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China (81702598, 81602328, U1601223), the Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2017A030313803, 2016A030310175, 2016A030313312), and the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou (201804010011, 201704020131), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015M582471), the Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province of China (A2017235).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Shaohua Qu, Wei Zhang and Shuqin Li have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, 613# Huangpu Road West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, China

    Shaohua Qu, Wei Zhang, Weili He, Rongzhao Lu, Qing Zhang & Ningxia Wang

  2. Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China

    Shuqin Li

  3. Department of Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China

    Jie Zhang

Authors
  1. Shaohua Qu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Wei Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Shuqin Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Weili He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Rongzhao Lu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Qing Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Jie Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Ningxia Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All authors performed study design, data collection, data analysis, and writing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shaohua Qu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

This study was approved by the ethics review board of the first affiliated hospital of Jinan University.

Informed Consent

Written informed consent was obtained from all patients.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Qu, S., Zhang, W., Li, S. et al. The Vacuum-Assisted Breast Biopsy System is an Effective Strategy for the Treatment of Gynecomastia. Aesth Plast Surg 45, 404–410 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-020-01931-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-020-01931-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation