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The Impact of Duration and Force of Centrifugation on Platelet Content and Mass in the Preparation of Platelet-Rich Plasma

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  • Basic Science/Experimental
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Abstract

Purpose

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous prepared plasma enriched with platelets and obtained after a centrifugal separation and aggregation procedure. However, the optimized preparation protocol for PRP is still controversial and there are no standardized preparation protocols. The aim of this study is to show the effect of time and force of the centrifugation on the concentrations of platelets and to optimize the effective PRP preparation protocol.

Methods

For the study, whole blood was drawn into 24 different 6-ml standard tubes containing 0.6 ml anticoagulant citrate dextrose solution—formula A. The samples were centrifuged separately at forces of 45×g, 180×g, 400×g, 725×g, 1130×g and 1630×g for 5, 10, 15 and 20 min. Every sample was analyzed, and a comparison was made between all groups.

Results

No significant difference was observed in terms of platelet concentration, mean platelet volume or platelet mass between all groups (p > 0.05). The mean ± SD of platelet mass in baseline is 1890 ± 134 × 103 fL/μL. The mean ± SD of platelet mass in the high centrifugal force of 1630×g was 3395 ± 564 × 103 fL/μL, 2638 ± 425 × 103 fL/μL, 2355 ± 449 × 103 fL/μL and 2109 ± 41 × 103 fL/μL over times of 5, 10, 15 and 20 min, respectively. The mean ± SD of platelet mass in the low centrifugal force of 45×g was 2002 ± 1623 × 103 fL/μL, 2491 ± 1591 × 103 fL/μL, 2611 ± 876 × 103 fL/μL and 3003 ± 511 × 103/μL over times of 5, 10, 15 and 20 min, respectively.

Conclusions

Platelets should be evaluated with platelet mass not including platelet concentrations alone, but also with mean platelet volume, which symbolizes the size of platelets while comparing platelet-rich plasma preparation protocols and kits. This could be a new starting point for comparison of PRP for all applications in the literature. All centrifugation forces and times could produce biologically reactive PRP. It may be only suggested that if high acceleration force is used, low durations should be selected, or if low acceleration force is used, long time of centrifugation should be selected.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Assoc. Prof. Mustafa Gurhan Ulusoy and Assoc. Prof. Gurcan Aslan for their polite guidance and advice. We also want to thank Assoc. Prof. Bulent Alioglu for allowing us to use the hematology laboratory.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Clinic, Aydin State Hospital, 09100, Aydin, Turkey

    Kadri Ozer

  2. Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Clinic, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, 06340, Ankara, Turkey

    Yuksel Kankaya & Ugur Kocer

  3. Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Clinic, Istanbul Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, 34384, Istanbul, Turkey

    Ozlem Colak

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  1. Kadri Ozer
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  2. Yuksel Kankaya
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  4. Ugur Kocer
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Correspondence to Kadri Ozer.

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Conflict of interest

All the authors (KO, YK, OC, UK) confirmed no funding supporting the work and no statement of financial interest and no conflict of interest. All authors bear the responsibility of this letter.

Ethical Approval

All experimental protocols used in this study were conducted according to the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and international regulations. Approval by the ethics committee of our institute (No: 0565/4677) was obtained.

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Informed consents of volunteer subjects were taken.

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Ozer, K., Kankaya, Y., Colak, O. et al. The Impact of Duration and Force of Centrifugation on Platelet Content and Mass in the Preparation of Platelet-Rich Plasma. Aesth Plast Surg 43, 1078–1084 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-019-01375-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-019-01375-9

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