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Is boldness affected by group composition in young-of-the-year perch (Perca fluviatilis)?

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Abstract

In young-of-the-year perch (Perca fluviatilis), individuals within groups differed in the degree of boldness, estimated by habitat utilisation and feeding activity in visual contact with a potential predator. We looked at changes in individual behaviour in connection with change of group composition. During the first period, perch were randomly assigned to groups, and time spent in open habitat versus in vegetation and number of prey attacks were registered. The perch were then categorised into ‘personality types’ (shy, bold, intermediate) according to their behaviour. During the second period, fish were observed when sorted into new groups, each containing only one personality type. Shy individuals showed the largest changes in behaviour, and increased both the time spent in the open and the number of prey attacks when placed into the new groups. Feeding activity in shy fish during the second period was affected by group composition during the first period. After regrouping, bold individuals decreased their time in the open, whereas intermediate individuals did not change behaviour. Time in the open habitat was, to some extent, influenced by the behaviour of the other members of the group, but number of prey attacks was not. The behaviour of fish of the different personality types we have defined in this study seemed to be based on innate traits, but also modified by the influence of other group members and by habituation to the environment.

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Acknowledgements

The experiments in this study comply with the current laws of Sweden and were approved by the local ethics committee of the Swedish National Board for Laboratory Animals. Two anonymous referees provided useful comments for the improvement of the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Aquaculture, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden

    Carin Magnhagen & Fia Staffan

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  1. Carin Magnhagen
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  2. Fia Staffan
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Correspondence to Carin Magnhagen.

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Communicated by J.Krause

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Magnhagen, C., Staffan, F. Is boldness affected by group composition in young-of-the-year perch (Perca fluviatilis)?. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 57, 295–303 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-004-0834-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-004-0834-1

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