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Patients with rotator cuff tears present a psychological impairment, not only a functional deficit: a systematic review

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Abstract

Introduction

Psychological factors impact patients with rotator cuff tears (RCT) in terms of pain level, shoulder function, sleep disturbance, and quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to quantify the prevalence of psychological factors in those patients, evaluate their influence on patient-reported outcomes (PROMs), and assess the possible improvement with surgical treatment.

Methods

The literature search was performed on PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley Cochrane Library up to January, 2023. Inclusion criteria: RCT treated with arthroscopic rotator cuff reconstruction (ARCR), description of psychological variables evaluated with validated questionnaires, descriptions of PROMs.

Results

Thirty-nine studies included 7021 patients. Depression was found in eight studies (19.2%), anxiety in 6 (13.0%), sleep disturbance in seven (71.3%), and distress in three studies (26.4%). Studies evaluating the relationship between psychological impairment and pain documented more pain and impaired shoulder function before and after ARCR in patients with altered psychological status.

Discussion

An impaired psychological status has an important impact on patients’ perception of their disease. RCT patients with psychological alterations often experience more pain and reduced shoulder function, thus having worse QoL.

Conclusion

This study underlines that psychological impairment largely affects RCT patient condition and treatment outcome, which underlines the importance of a multidisciplinary biopsychosocial intervention to achieve better results.

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Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript. Prof. MD Christian Candrian did not receive any financial payments or other benefits from any commercial entity related to the subject of this article. He has received institutional support outside the present work from Medacta International SA, Johnson & Johnson, Lima Corporate, Zimmer Biomet, and Oped AG.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, 6900, Lugano, Switzerland

    Pietro Feltri, Andrea Stefano Monteleone, Francesco Marbach, Giuseppe Filardo & Christian Candrian

  2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

    Laurent Audigé

  3. Research and Development, Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland

    Laurent Audigé

  4. Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland

    Giuseppe Filardo & Christian Candrian

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  1. Pietro Feltri
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  4. Francesco Marbach
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. MD Pietro Feltri, MD Andrea Stefano Monteleone, MD Francesco Marbach, Prof. MD PhD MBA Giuseppe Filardo performed material preparation and data collection. MD Pietro Feltri and MD Andrea Stefano Monteleone performed the analysis. Prof. MD PhD Laurent Audigé and Prof. MD PhD MBA Giuseppe Filardo performed the results interpretation. MD Pietro Feltri and MD Andrea Stefano Monteleone wrote the first draft of the manuscript and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Andrea Stefano Monteleone.

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Feltri, P., Monteleone, A.S., Audigé, L. et al. Patients with rotator cuff tears present a psychological impairment, not only a functional deficit: a systematic review. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 48, 169–181 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-023-05952-1

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