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Prospective and comparative study of the anterolateral mini-invasive approach versus minimally invasive posterior approach for primary total hip replacement. Early results

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Abstract

The interest in minimally invasive approaches for total hip replacement (THR) has not waned in any way. We carried out a prospective and comparative study in order to analyse the interest of the anterolateral minimal invasive (ALMI) approach in comparison with a minimally invasive posterior (MIP) approach. A group of 35 primary THRs with a large head using the ALMI approach was compared with a group of 43 THR performed through a MIP approach. The groups were not significantly different with respect to age, sex, bony mass index, ASA score, Charnley class, diagnoses and preoperative Womac index and PMA score. The preoperative Harris Hip Score was significantly lower in the ALMI group. The duration of surgical procedure was longer and the calculated blood loss more substantial in the ALMI group. The perioperative complications were significantly more frequent in this group, with four greater trochanter fractures, three false routes, one calcar fracture, and two metal back bascules versus one femoral fracture in MIP group. Other postoperative data (implant positioning, morphine consumption, length of hospital stay, type of discharge) are comparable, such as the early functional results. No other complication has been noted during the first 6 months. The ALMI approach uses the intermuscular interval between the tensor fascia lata and the gluteus medius. It leaves intact the abductor muscles, the posterior capsule and the short external rotators. The early clinical results are excellent, despite the initial complications related to the initial learning curve for this approach and the use of a large head. The stability and the absence of muscular damage should permit acceleration of the postoperative rehabilitation in parallel with less perioperative complications after the initial learning curve.

Résumé

Nous rapportons une étude prospective et comparative de l’abord antéro-latéral mini invasif de la hanche (AMLI) pour 35 arthroplasties totales primaires avec tête de grand diamètre avec l’abord mini invasif postérieur (MIP) pour 43 arthroplasties. Les deux groupes n’étaient pas différents selon l’âge, le sexe, l’indice de masse osseuse, le score ASA, la classe de Charnley, le diagnostic, l’index WOMAC et le score de Merle d’Aubigné et Postel. Le score de Harris était plus faible dans le groupe AMLI. La durée opératoire et la perte sanguine calculée étaient plus importantes dans le groupe AMLI. Dans ce même groupe les complications per-opératoires étaient plus fréquentes, avec quatre fractures du grand trochanter, trois fausses routes, une fracture du calcar, et deux bascules du composant acétabulaire alors qu’il n’y avait qu’une fracture fémorale dans le groupe MIP. Les autres données post-opératoires étaient identiques notamment le résultat fonctionnel précoce. Il n’y avait pas d’autre complication pendant les 6 premiers mois. L’abord antéro-latéral utilise l’intervalle entre le tenseur et le gluteus medius laissant intact les abducteurs, la capsule postérieure et les pelvi-trochantériens. Les résultats cliniques précoces étaient excellents en dépit des complications initiales liées à la courbe d’apprentissage et l’utilisation d’une tête de grand diamètre. La stabilité et l’absence de dommage musculaire permettaient une récupération post-opératoire plus précoce.

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Correspondence to J. M. Laffosse.

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Laffosse, J.M., Chiron, P., Molinier, F. et al. Prospective and comparative study of the anterolateral mini-invasive approach versus minimally invasive posterior approach for primary total hip replacement. Early results. International Orthopaedics (SICO 31, 597–603 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-006-0247-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-006-0247-z

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