Skip to main content
Log in

Spacer prostheses in two-stage revision of infected knee arthroplasty

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
International Orthopaedics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

At present, no consensus exists on the best spacer alternative for the management of two-stage exchange arthroplasty of infected knee arthroplasties. In this retrospective study, patient records of 24 patients, who had undergone two-stage revisions in which resterilised prosthetic components were used as spacers, were reviewed. The outcome was compared to that of operations performed during the same period (1993–2003) using cement spacers (n=10). With an average follow-up of 32 months, control of infection was achieved in 26 cases (76%), with good or excellent clinical outcome in 19 cases (56%). Treatment failed and resulted in amputation at the level of the thigh before reimplantation in one case. Three patients did not undergo reimplantation. In four cases (12%) infection relapsed. The reinfection rate did not differ between the two spacer groups. Patients treated with resterilised components had a superior range of motion during the period between the two stages. Operative time was shorter and there was less blood loss in the reimplantation arthroplasty when a prosthetic spacer was used. We consider resterilised prosthetic components a safe and effective alternative to cement spacers in the management of infected knee arthroplasties.

Résumé

Il n’existe pas actuellement de consensus sur les meilleurs spacers à utiliser dans le traitement des reprises en deux temps des prothèses totales du genou infectées. Dans cette étude rétrospective, 24 patients ont été évalués, patients ayant bénéficié d’un changement prothétique en deux temps, le spacer utilisé pouvant être les composants prothétiques stérilisés. Nous avons comparé le devenir de cette série (1993–2003) à une autre série traitée pendant la même période et en utilisant un spacer en ciment (10 patients). Le délai moyen était de 32 mois et la guérison de l’infection a été obtenue dans 76% des cas (26) avec un excellent ou un bon résultat dans 19 cas (56%). Les échecs du traitement sont secondaires à une amputation de cuisse avant la réimplantation (un cas). Trois patients n’ont pas eu de réimplantation et dans 4 cas (12%) l’infection a récidivé. La récidive de l’infection n’est pas différente entre les deux groupes de patients quelle que soit la nature du spacer. Les patients traités avec des composants prothétiques re-stérilisés ont eu une meilleure mobilité pendant la période intermédiaire. Le temps opératoire et les pertes sanguines sont significativement diminués lorsque le spacer utilisé est la prothèse re-stérilisée. Nous considérons en conclusion, que la re-stérilisation du composant prothétique est une méthode sure, efficace et une bonne alternative au spacer en ciment lors du traitement des prothèses totales du genou infectées.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Barrack RL, Engh GA, Rorabeck C, Sawhney J, Woolfrey M (2000) Patient satisfaction and outcome after septic versus aseptic revision total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 15:990–993

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Booth RE Jr, Lotke PA (1989) The results of spacer block technique in revision of infected total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 248:57–60

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Costerton JW, Stewart PS, Greenberg EP (1999) Bacterial biofilms: a common cause of persistent infections. Science 284:1318–1322

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Emerson RH Jr, Muncie M, Tarbox TR, Higgins LL (2002) Comparison of a static with a mobile spacer in total knee infection. Clin Orthop 404:132–138

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Fehring TK, Odum S, Calton TF, Mason JB (2000) Articulating versus static spacers in revision total knee arthroplasty for sepsis. Clin Orthop 380:9–16

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Haddad FS, Masri BA, Campbell D, McGraw RW, Beauchamp CP, Duncan CP (2000) The PROSTALAC functional spacer in two-stage revision for infected knee replacements. J Bone Joint Surg Br 82:807–812

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Hirn MYJ, Salmela PM, Vuento RE (2001) High-pressure saline washing of allografts reduces bacterial contamination. Acta Orthop Scand 72:83–85

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Hofmann AA, Goldberg T, Tanner AM, Kurtin SM (2005) Treatment of infected knee arthroplasty using an articulating spacer. Clin Orthop 430:125–131

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Hofmann AA, Kane KR, Tkach TK, Plaster RL, Camargo MP (1995) Treatment of infected total knee arthroplasty using an articulating spacer. Clin Orhop 321:45–54

    Google Scholar 

  10. Insall JN, Dorr LD, Scott RD, Scott WN (1989) Rationale of the knee society clinical rating system. Clin Orthop 248:13–14

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Masri BA, Kendall RW, Duncan CP, Beauchamp CP, McGraw RW, Bora B (1994) Two-stage exchange arthroplasty using a functional antibiotic-loaded spacer in the treatment of the infected knee replacement: the Vancouver experience. Semin Arthroplasty 5:122–136

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Neut D, Hendriks JG, van Horn JR, van der Mei HC, Busscher HJ (2005) Pseudomonas aerigunosa biofilm formation and slime excretion on antibiotic-loaded bone cement. Acta Orthop 76:109–114

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Pitto RP, Spika IA (2004) Antibiotic-loaded bone cement spacers in two-stage management of infected total knee arthroplasty. Int Orthop 28:129–133

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. van de Belt H, Neut D, Schenk W, van Horn JR, van der Mei HC, Busscher HJ (2000) Gentamicin release from polymethylmethacrylate bone cements and Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. Acta Orthop Scand 71:625–629

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Wang CJ, Hsieh MC, Huang TW, Wang JW, Chen HS, Liu CY (2004) Clinical outcome and patient satisfaction in aseptic and septic revision total knee arthroplasty. Knee 11:45–49

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. U. K. Lehto.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Jämsen, E., Sheng, P., Halonen, P. et al. Spacer prostheses in two-stage revision of infected knee arthroplasty. International Orthopaedics (SICO 30, 257–261 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-006-0102-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-006-0102-2

Keywords

Navigation