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Development of a whole cell vaccine for acute myeloid leukaemia

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Abstract

We describe the modification of tumour cells to enhance their capacity to act as antigen presenting cells with particular focus on the use of costimulatory molecules to do so. We have been involved in the genetic modification of tumour cells to prepare a whole cell vaccine for nearly a decade and we have a particular interest in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). AML is an aggressive and difficult to treat disease, especially, for patients for whom haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplant is not an option. AML patients who have a suitable donor and meet HSC transplant fitness requirements, have a 5-year survival of 50%; however, for patients with no suitable donor or for who age is a factor, the prognosis is much worse. It is particularly poor prognosis patients, who are not eligible for HSC transplant, who are likely to benefit most from immunotherapy. It would be hoped that immunotherapy would be used to clear residual tumour cells in these patients in the first remission following standard chemotherapy treatments and this will extend the remission and reduce the risk of a second relapse associated with disease progression and poor mortality rates. In this symposia report, we will focus on whole cell vaccines as an immunotherapeutic option with particular reference to their use in the treatment of AML. We will aim to provide a brief overview of the latest data from our group and considerations for the use of this treatment modality in clinical trials for AML.

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Abbreviations

AML:

Acute myeloid leukaemia

MDS:

Myelodysplastic syndrome

MHC:

Major histocompatability complex

APC:

Antigen presenting cells

HSC:

Haematopoietic stem cell

4-1BBL:

4-1BB ligand

Th:

T helper

s.c:

Sub-cutaneous

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Acknowledgements

Lucas Chan and Barbara-ann Guinn are funded by Leukaemia Research Fund.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Haematological Medicine, Guy’s, King’s & St. Thomas’ School of Medicine, The Rayne Institute, King’s College London, 123 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK

    Adam T. C. Cheuk, Lucas Chan, Barbara Czepulkowski, Farzin Farzaneh, Ghulam J. Mufti & Barbara-ann Guinn

  2. Arthritis and Immune Disorder Research Centre, University Health Network and the Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    Stuart A. Berger

  3. Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Hideo Yagita & Ko Okumura

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  1. Adam T. C. Cheuk
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  2. Lucas Chan
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  4. Stuart A. Berger
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  8. Ghulam J. Mufti
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  9. Barbara-ann Guinn
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Correspondence to Barbara-ann Guinn.

Additional information

This article is a symposium paper from the conference “Progress in Vaccination against Cancer 2004 (PIVAC 4)”, held in Freudenstadt-Lauterbad, Black Forest, Germany, on 22–25 September 2004

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Cheuk, A.T.C., Chan, L., Czepulkowski, B. et al. Development of a whole cell vaccine for acute myeloid leukaemia. Cancer Immunol Immunother 55, 68–75 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-005-0674-5

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