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S100A4 overexpression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: imaging biomarkers from whole-tumor evaluation with MRI and texture analysis

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Abstract

Objective

To investigate the relationship between imaging findings and S100A4 overexpression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and to determine imaging biomarkers of S100A4 overexpression from whole-tumor evaluation with MRI and texture analysis.

Methods

A total of 60 patients with pathologically confirmed PDAC were included in the study. All patients underwent preoperative abdominal contrast-enhanced MRI examination with Magnetom Aera (Siemens Healthcare, Germany, 1.5 T) at our institute. Whole-tumor evaluation including texture analysis was performed. Sections of specimens were reviewed, and the S100A4 expression status was quantitatively evaluated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to find imaging biomarkers that could predict S100A4 overexpression.

Results

Twenty-four tumors (40.0%) had negative results for S100A4 overexpression, and 36 tumors (60.0%) exhibited overexpression. After univariate and multivariate analysis, distal pancreatic duct dilatation, T1WI_10th percentile and the enhancement rate difference between delayed phase (DP) and portal venous phase (PVP) were identified to predict S100A4 overexpression in PDAC independently (p = 0.009, 0.012 and 0.044), with odds ratios (ORs) of 0.102, 0.139 and 4.645, respectively. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) values were 0.715, 0.707 and 0.691. The AUC value of the proposed model was 0.877 with a sensitivity of 80.6% and specificity of 75.0%.

Conclusion

A model including distal pancreatic duct dilatation, T1WI_10th percentile and the enhancement rate difference between the DP and PVP could predict S100A4 overexpression in PDAC as imaging biomarkers.

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Data availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in the article.

Code availability

Not applicable.

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Funding

This study was supported by the Special Program of Clinical Research in Health Industry, Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (Grant Number 201840343).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Liang Liang and Rongkui Luo contribute equally to this article.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China

    Liang Liang, Ying Ding, Kai Liu & Mengsu Zeng

  2. Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China

    Rongkui Luo, Licheng Shen & Haiying Zeng

  3. Siemens Healthineers, No. 278 Zhou Zhu Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201318, China

    Yingqian Ge

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  1. Liang Liang
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Contributions

LL: Methodology, Imaging investigation, Writing: Original Draft, RL: Methodology, Pathology investigation, YD Imaging investigation, Data analysis, KL Imaging examination, LS Pathology examination, HZ Immunohistochemical Staining, YG Data analysis, Software support, MZ Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing: Review and Editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mengsu Zeng.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The Ethics Committee of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University approved this retrospective study (No. B2018-266).

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Liang, L., Luo, R., Ding, Y. et al. S100A4 overexpression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: imaging biomarkers from whole-tumor evaluation with MRI and texture analysis. Abdom Radiol 46, 623–635 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-020-02676-3

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