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Cancer therapy-related complications in the bowel and mesentery: an imaging perspective

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Abstract

Cancer therapy-induced complications in the bowel and mesentery are fairly common. It is important for clinicians to be aware of these complications and the agents most frequently implicated. Cancer therapy is rapidly evolving and often encompasses both classic cytotoxic drugs and newer molecular targeted agents. Drugs from both broad classes can have numerous adverse effects on the bowel and mesentery that can be detected on imaging. These adverse effects include ileus, various forms of enterocolitis, gastrointestinal perforation, pneumatosis intestinalis, secretory diarrhea, and sclerosing mesenteritis. These complications are diverse and range from relatively benign to life threatening. The management is also variable, but many of these conditions are easily controlled and reversed with supportive care and cessation of the particular cancer therapy. The objective of this pictorial essay is to demonstrate some of the more common cancer therapy-induced complications of the bowel and mesentery, with a focus on the radiographic findings.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 101 The City Drive South, Orange, CA, 92868, USA

    Eric J. Gray, Ayeh Darvishzadeh & Chandana Lall

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA

    Ankush Sharma

  3. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Dhakshinamoorthy Ganeshan & Silvana C. Faria

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  1. Eric J. Gray
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  2. Ayeh Darvishzadeh
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  4. Dhakshinamoorthy Ganeshan
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  5. Silvana C. Faria
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  6. Chandana Lall
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Correspondence to Eric J. Gray.

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Mr. Gray declares that he has no conflict of interest. Ms. Darvishzadeh declares that she has no conflict of interest. Dr. Sharma declares that he has no conflict of interest. Dr. Ganeshan declares that he has no conflict of interest. Dr. Faria declares that she has no conflict of interest. Dr. Lall declares that she has no conflict of interest.

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Gray, E.J., Darvishzadeh, A., Sharma, A. et al. Cancer therapy-related complications in the bowel and mesentery: an imaging perspective. Abdom Radiol 41, 2031–2047 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-016-0799-3

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