BTEX catabolism interactions in a toluene-acclimatized biofilter

Abstract

BTEX substrate interactions for a toluene-acclimatized biofilter consortium were investigated. Benzene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene and p-xylene removal efficiencies were determined at a loading rate of 18.07 g m⁻³h⁻¹ and retention times of 0.5–3.0 min. This was also repeated for toluene in a 1:1 (m/m) ratio mixture (toluene: benzene, ethylbenzene, or xylene ) with each of the other compounds individually to obtain a final total loading of 18.07 g m⁻³h⁻¹. The results obtained were modelled using Michaelis–Menten kinetics and an explicit finite difference scheme to generate v _max and K _m parameters. The v _max/K _m ratio (a measure of the catalytic efficiency, or biodegradation capacity, of the reactor) was used to quantify substrate interactions occurring within the biofilter reactor without the need for free-cell suspended and monoculture experimentation. Toluene was found to enhance the catalytic efficiency of the reactor for p-xylene, while catabolism of all the other compounds was inhibited competitively by the presence of toluene. The toluene-acclimatized biofilter was also able to degrade all of the other BTEX compounds, even in the absence of toluene. The catalytic efficiency of the reactor for compounds other than toluene was in the order: ethylbenzene>benzene>o-xylene>m-xylene>p-xylene. The catalytic efficiency for toluene was reduced by the presence of all other tested BTEX compounds, with the greatest inhibitory effect being caused by the presence of benzene, while o-xylene and p-xylene caused the least inhibitory effect. This work illustrated that substrate interactions can be determined directly from biofilter reactor results without the need for free-cell and monoculture experimentation.