Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Nomenclature report on the major histocompatibility complex genes and alleles of Great Ape, Old and New World monkey species

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Immunogenetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a central role in the adaptive immune response. The MHC region is characterised by a high gene density, and most of these genes display considerable polymorphism. Next to humans, non-human primates (NHP) are well studied for their MHC. The present nomenclature report provides the scientific community with the latest nomenclature guidelines/rules and current implemented nomenclature revisions for Great Ape, Old and New World monkey species. All the currently published MHC data for the different Great Ape, Old and New World monkey species are archived at the Immuno Polymorphism Database (IPD)-MHC NHP database. The curators of the IPD-MHC NHP database are, in addition, responsible for providing official designations for newly detected polymorphisms.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aarnink A, Apoil PA, Takahashi I, Osada N, Blancher A (2011) Characterization of MHC class I transcripts of a Malaysian cynomolgus macaque by high-throughput pyrosequencing and EST libraries. Immunogenetics 63:703–713

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Antunes SG, de Groot NG, Brok H, Doxiadis G, Menezes AA, Otting N, Bontrop RE (1998) The common marmoset: a new world primate species with limited Mhc class II variability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:11745–11750

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arnaiz-Villena A, Martinez-Laso J, Alvarez M, Castro MJ, Varela P, Gomez-Casado E, Suarez B, Recio MJ, Vargas-Alarcon G, Morales P (1997) Primate Mhc-E and -G alleles. Immunogenetics 46:251–266

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bontrop RE (2006) Comparative genetics of MHC polymorphisms in different primate species: duplications and deletions. Hum Immunol 67:388–397

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bontrop RE, Otting N, Slierendregt BL, Lanchbury JS (1995) Evolution of major histocompatibility complex polymorphisms and T-cell receptor diversity in primates. Immunol Rev 143:33–62

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boyson JE, McAdam SN, Gallimore A, Golos TG, Liu X, Gotch FM, Hughes AL, Watkins DI (1995) The MHC E locus in macaques is polymorphic and is conserved between macaques and humans. Immunogenetics 41:59–68

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boyson JE, Shufflebotham C, Cadavid LF, Urvater JA, Knapp LA, Hughes AL, Watkins DI (1996) The MHC class I genes of the rhesus monkey. Different evolutionary histories of MHC class I and II genes in primates. J Immunol 156:4656–4665

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Budde ML, Lhost JJ, Burwitz BJ, Becker EA, Burns CM, O’Connor SL, Karl JA, Wiseman RW, Bimber BN, Zhang GL, Hildebrand W, Brusic V, O’Connor DH (2011) Transcriptionally abundant major histocompatibility complex class I alleles are fundamental to nonhuman primate simian immunodeficiency virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses. J Virol 85:3250–3261

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cadavid LF, Shufflebotham C, Ruiz FJ, Yeager M, Hughes AL, Watkins DI (1997) Evolutionary instability of the major histocompatibility complex class I loci in New World primates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94:14536–14541

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cadavid LF, Mejia BE, Watkins DI (1999) MHC class I genes in a New World primate, the cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus), have evolved by an active process of loci turnover. Immunogenetics 49:196–205

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Castro MJ, Morales P, Fernandez-Soria V, Suarez B, Recio MJ, Alvarez M, Martin-Villa M, Arnaiz-Villena A (1996) Allelic diversity at the primate Mhc-G locus: exon 3 bears stop codons in all Cercopithecinae sequences. Immunogenetics 43:327–336

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper S, Adams EJ, Wells RS, Walker CM, Parham P (1998) A major histocompatibility complex class I allele shared by two species of chimpanzee. Immunogenetics 47:212–217

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Corbet GB, Hill JE (1986) A world list of mammalian species. British Museum (Natural History), London

    Google Scholar 

  • Corell A, Morales P, Martinez-Laso J, Martin-Villa J, Varela P, Paz-Artal E, Allende LM, Rodriguez C, Arnaiz-Villena A (1994) New species-specific alleles at the primate MHC-G locus. Hum Immunol 41:52–55

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Creager HM, Becker EA, Sandman KK, Karl JA, Lank SM, Bimber BN, Wiseman RW, Hughes AL, O’Connor SL, O’Connor DH (2011) Characterization of full-length MHC class II sequences in Indonesian and Vietnamese cynomolgus macaques. Immunogenetics 63:611–618

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Daza-Vamenta R, Glusman G, Rowen L, Guthrie B, Geraghty DE (2004) Genetic divergence of the rhesus macaque major histocompatibility complex. Genome Res 14:1501–1515

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • de Groot NG, Heijmans CM, de Groot N, Doxiadis GG, Otting N, Bontrop RE (2009) The chimpanzee Mhc-DRB region revisited: gene content, polymorphism, pseudogenes, and transcripts. Mol Immunol 47:381–389

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Doxiadis GG, Rouweler AJ, de Groot NG, Louwerse A, Otting N, Verschoor EJ, Bontrop RE (2006) Extensive sharing of MHC class II alleles between rhesus and cynomolgus macaques. Immunogenetics 58:259–268

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Doxiadis GG, de Groot N, de Groot NG, Doxiadis II, Bontrop RE (2008) Reshuffling of ancient peptide binding motifs between HLA-DRB multigene family members: old wine served in new skins. Mol Immunol 45:2743–2751

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis SA, Bontrop RE, Antczak DF, Ballingall K, Davies CJ, Kaufman J, Kennedy LJ, Robinson J, Smith DM, Stear MJ, Stet RJ, Waller MJ, Walter L, Marsh SG (2006) ISAG/IUIS-VIC Comparative MHC Nomenclature Committee report, 2005. Immunogenetics 57:953–958

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Giraldo-Vela JP, Rudersdorf R, Chung C, Qi Y, Wallace LT, Bimber B, Borchardt GJ, Fisk DL, Glidden CE, Loffredo JT, Piaskowski SM, Furlott JR, Morales-Martinez JP, Wilson NA, Rehrauer WM, Lifson JD, Carrington M, Watkins DI (2008) The major histocompatibility complex class II alleles Mamu-DRB1*1003 and -DRB1*0306 are enriched in a cohort of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaque elite controllers. J Virol 82:859–870

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Groves CP (2005) Order Primates. In: Wilson DE, Reeder DM (eds) Mammal species of the world, 3rd edn. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore

    Google Scholar 

  • Gyllensten U, Bergstrom T, Josefsson A, Sundvall M, Erlich HA (1996) Rapid allelic diversification and intensified selection at antigen recognition sites of the Mhc class II DPB1 locus during hominoid evolution. Tissue Antigens 47:212–221

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hashiba K, Kuwata S, Tokunaga K, Juji T, Noguchi A (1993) Sequence analysis of DPB1-like genes in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Immunogenetics 38:462

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Karl JA, Wiseman RW, Campbell KJ, Blasky AJ, Hughes AL, Ferguson B, Read DS, O’Connor DH (2008) Identification of MHC class I sequences in Chinese-origin rhesus macaques. Immunogenetics 60:37–46

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klein J, Bontrop RE, Dawkins RL, Erlich HA, Gyllensten UB, Heise ER, Jones PP, Parham P, Wakeland EK, Watkins DI (1990) Nomenclature for the major histocompatibility complexes of different species: a proposal. Immunogenetics 31:217–219

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knapp LA, Cadavid LF, Watkins DI (1998) The MHC-E locus is the most well conserved of all known primate class I histocompatibility genes. J Immunol 160:189–196

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kulski JK, Anzai T, Shiina T, Inoko H (2004) Rhesus macaque class I duplicon structures, organization, and evolution within the alpha block of the major histocompatibility complex. Mol Biol Evol 21:2079–2091

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lafont BA, Buckler-White A, Plishka R, Buckler C, Martin MA (2003) Characterization of pig-tailed macaque classical MHC class I genes: implications for MHC evolution and antigen presentation in macaques. J Immunol 171:875–885

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lafont BA, Buckler-White A, Plishka R, Buckler C, Martin MA (2004) Pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) possess six MHC-E families that are conserved among macaque species: implication for their binding to natural killer receptor variants. Immunogenetics 56:142–154

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lawlor DA, Warren E, Ward FE, Parham P (1990) Comparison of class I MHC alleles in humans and apes. Immunol Rev 113:147–185

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ling F, Wei LQ, Wang T, Wang HB, Zhuo M, Du HL, Wang JF, Wang XN (2011) Characterization of the major histocompatibility complex class II DOB, DPB1, and DQB1 alleles in cynomolgus macaques of Vietnamese origin. Immunogenetics 63:155–166

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loffredo JT, Friedrich TC, Leon EJ, Stephany JJ, Rodrigues DS, Spencer SP, Bean AT, Beal DR, Burwitz BJ, Rudersdorf RA, Wallace LT, Piaskowski SM, May GE, Sidney J, Gostick E, Wilson NA, Price DA, Kallas EG, Piontkivska H, Hughes AL, Sette A, Watkins DI (2007) CD8+ T cells from SIV elite controller macaques recognize Mamu-B*08-bound epitopes and select for widespread viral variation. PLoS One 2:e1152

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marsh SG (2010) Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, update April 2010. Tissue Antigens 76:501–508

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marsh SG, Albert ED, Bodmer WF, Bontrop RE, Dupont B, Erlich HA, Geraghty DE, Hansen JA, Hurley CK, Mach B, Mayr WR, Parham P, Petersdorf EW, Sasazuki T, Schreuder GM, Strominger JL, Svejgaard A, Terasaki PI, Trowsdale J (2005) Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 2004. Tissue Antigens 65:301–369

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marsh SG, Albert ED, Bodmer WF, Bontrop RE, Dupont B, Erlich HA, Fernandez-Vina M, Geraghty DE, Holdsworth R, Hurley CK, Lau M, Lee KW, Mach B, Maiers M, Mayr WR, Muller CR, Parham P, Petersdorf EW, Sasazuki T, Strominger JL, Svejgaard A, Terasaki PI, Tiercy JM, Trowsdale J (2010) An update to HLA nomenclature, 2010. Bone Marrow Transplant 45:846–848

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mee ET, Greenhow J, Rose NJ (2011) Characterisation of Mhc class I and class II DRB polymorphism in red-bellied tamarins (Saguinus labiatus). Immunogenetics 63:619–626

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miller MD, Yamamoto H, Hughes AL, Watkins DI, Letvin NL (1991) Definition of an epitope and MHC class I molecule recognized by gag-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in SIVmac-infected rhesus monkeys. J Immunol 147:320–329

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muhl T, Krawczak M, Ten Haaft P, Hunsmann G, Sauermann U (2002) MHC class I alleles influence set-point viral load and survival time in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus monkeys. J Immunol 169:3438–3446

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’Connor SL, Blasky AJ, Pendley CJ, Becker EA, Wiseman RW, Karl JA, Hughes AL, O’Connor DH (2007) Comprehensive characterization of MHC class II haplotypes in Mauritian cynomolgus macaques. Immunogenetics 59:449–462

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Otting N, Doxiadis GG, Versluis L, de Groot NG, Anholts J, Verduin W, Rozemuller E, Claas F, Tilanus MG, Bontrop RE (1998) Characterization and distribution of Mhc-DPB1 alleles in chimpanzee and rhesus macaque populations. Hum Immunol 59:656–664

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Otting N, de Groot NG, Doxiadis GG, Bontrop RE (2002) Extensive Mhc-DQB variation in humans and non-human primate species. Immunogenetics 54:230–239

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Otting N, Heijmans CM, Noort RC, de Groot NG, Doxiadis GG, van Rood JJ, Watkins DI, Bontrop RE (2005) Unparalleled complexity of the MHC class I region in rhesus macaques. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:1626–1631

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Otting N, de Vos-Rouweler AJ, Heijmans CM, de Groot NG, Doxiadis GG, Bontrop RE (2007) MHC class I A region diversity and polymorphism in macaque species. Immunogenetics 59:367–375

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson J, Waller MJ, Parham P, de Groot N, Bontrop R, Kennedy LJ, Stoehr P, Marsh SG (2003) IMGT/HLA and IMGT/MHC: sequence databases for the study of the major histocompatibility complex. Nucleic Acids Res 31:311–314

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson J, Mistry K, McWilliam H, Lopez R, Marsh SG (2010) IPD–the Immuno Polymorphism Database. Nucleic Acids Res 38:D863–D869

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosner C, Kruse PH, Lubke T, Walter L (2010) Rhesus macaque MHC class I molecules show differential subcellular localizations. Immunogenetics 62:149–158

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sano K, Shiina T, Kohara S, Yanagiya K, Hosomichi K, Shimizu S, Anzai T, Watanabe A, Ogasawara K, Torii R, Kulski JK, Inoko H (2006) Novel cynomolgus macaque MHC-DPB1 polymorphisms in three South-East Asian populations. Tissue Antigens 67:297–306

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shiina T, Kono A, Westphal N, Suzuki S, Hosomichi K, Kita YF, Roos C, Inoko H, Walter L (2011) Comparative genome analysis of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I B/C segments in primates elucidated by genomic sequencing in common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Immunogenetics 63:485–499

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sidebottom DA, Kennedy R, Hildebrand WH (2001) Class I MHC expression in the yellow baboon. J Immunol 166:3983–3993

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Slierendregt BL, Otting N, Kenter M, Bontrop RE (1995) Allelic diversity at the Mhc-DP locus in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Immunogenetics 41:29–37

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Urvater JA, Watkins DI (2000) Isolation of the HLA-H orthologue in gorillas and chimpanzees. Immunogenetics 51:69–74

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Urvater JA, McAdam SN, Loehrke JH, Allen TM, Moran JL, Rowell TJ, Rojo S, Lopez de Castro JA, Taurog JD, Watkins DI (2000a) A high incidence of Shigella-induced arthritis in a primate species: major histocompatibility complex class I molecules associated with resistance and susceptibility, and their relationship to HLA-B27. Immunogenetics 51:314–325

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Urvater JA, Otting N, Loehrke JH, Rudersdorf R, Slukvin II, Piekarczyk MS, Golos TG, Hughes AL, Bontrop RE, Watkins DI (2000b) Mamu-I: a novel primate MHC class I B-related locus with unusually low variability. J Immunol 164:1386–1398

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Valentine LE, Loffredo JT, Bean AT, Leon EJ, MacNair CE, Beal DR, Piaskowski SM, Klimentidis YC, Lank SM, Wiseman RW, Weinfurter JT, May GE, Rakasz EG, Wilson NA, Friedrich TC, O’Connor DH, Allison DB, Watkins DI (2009) Infection with “escaped” virus variants impairs control of simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac239 replication in Mamu-B*08-positive macaques. J Virol 83:11514–11527

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vogel TU, Evans DT, Urvater JA, O’Connor DH, Hughes AL, Watkins DI (1999) Major histocompatibility complex class I genes in primates: co-evolution with pathogens. Immunol Rev 167:327–337

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Voss G, Letvin NL (1996) Definition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 and gp41 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes and their restricting major histocompatibility complex class I alleles in simian-human immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus monkeys. J Virol 70:7335–7340

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watanabe N, McAdam SN, Boyson JE, Piekarczyk MS, Yasutomi Y, Watkins DI, Letvin NL (1994) A simian immunodeficiency virus envelope V3 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitope in rhesus monkeys and its restricting major histocompatibility complex class I molecule Mamu-A*02. J Virol 68:6690–6696

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watkins DI, Letvin NL, Hughes AL, Tedder TF (1990) Molecular cloning of cDNA that encode MHC class I molecules from a New World primate (Saguinus oedipus). Natural selection acts at positions that may affect peptide presentation to T cells. J Immunol 144:1136–1143

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watkins DI, Garber TL, Chen ZW, Toukatly G, Hughes AL, Letvin NL (1991) Unusually limited nucleotide sequence variation of the expressed major histocompatibility complex class I genes of a New World primate species (Saguinus oedipus). Immunogenetics 33:79–89

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wiseman RW, Karl JA, Bimber BN, O’Leary CE, Lank SM, Tuscher JJ, Detmer AM, Bouffard P, Levenkova N, Turcotte CL, Szekeres E Jr, Wright C, Harkins T, O’Connor DH (2009) Major histocompatibility complex genotyping with massively parallel pyrosequencing. Nat Med 15:1322–1326

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu J, Bassinger S, Montoya GD, Chavez L, Jones CE, Holder-Lockyer B, Masten B, Williams TM, Prilliman KR (2008) Allelic diversity within the high frequency Mamu-A2*05/Mane-A2*05 (Mane-A*06)/Mafa-A2*05 family of macaque MHC-A loci. Tissue Antigens 72:29–38

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yasutomi Y, McAdam SN, Boyson JE, Piekarczyk MS, Watkins DI, Letvin NL (1995) A MHC class I B locus allele-restricted simian immunodeficiency virus envelope CTL epitope in rhesus monkeys. J Immunol 154:2516–2522

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank D. Devine for editing the manuscript and H. van Westbroek for preparing the figures. This study was supported in part by NIH/NIAID contract numbers HHSN266200400088C, 5R24RR016038-05, and HHSN272201100013C. Bernard A.P. Lafont is supported by the intramural research program of NIAID-NIH.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Comparative Genetics and Refinement, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288, GJ, Rijswijk, The Netherlands

    Natasja G. de Groot, Nel Otting & Ronald E. Bontrop

  2. Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, Hampstead, London, NW3 2QG, UK

    James Robinson & Steven G. E. Marsh

  3. Laboratoire d’Immunogénétique moléculaire, EA 3034, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 3, France

    Antoine Blancher

  4. Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

    Bernard A. P. Lafont

  5. UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Pond Street, Hampstead, London, NW3 2QG, UK

    Steven G. E. Marsh

  6. Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53711, USA

    David H. O’Connor

  7. Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan

    Takashi Shiina

  8. Primate Genetics Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, 37077, Göttingen, Germany

    Lutz Walter

  9. Department of Pathology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA

    David I. Watkins

  10. Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Utrecht University, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Ronald E. Bontrop

Authors
  1. Natasja G. de Groot
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Nel Otting
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. James Robinson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Antoine Blancher
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Bernard A. P. Lafont
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Steven G. E. Marsh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. David H. O’Connor
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Takashi Shiina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Lutz Walter
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. David I. Watkins
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Ronald E. Bontrop
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Natasja G. de Groot.

Additional information

Natasja G. de Groot, Nel Otting and Ronald E. Bontrop are Curators of the IPD-MHC NHP database.

Natasja G. de Groot and Nel Otting contributed equally to this work.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary Table 1

Nomenclature table summarising the official and previous designations of rhesus, crab-eating, and southern pig-tailed macaques A alleles. The nomenclature tables for the macaque A alleles are available from the IPD-MHC NHP website. At the IPD-MHC NHP website the previous designation is listed in the column “Local Names”. (PDF 55 kb)

Supplementary Table 2

Nomenclature table summarising the official and previous designations of rhesus, crab-eating, and southern pig-tailed macaques B alleles. The nomenclature tables for the macaque B alleles are available from the IPD-MHC NHP website. At the IPD-MHC NHP website the previous designation is listed in the column “Local Names”. (PDF 64 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

de Groot, N.G., Otting, N., Robinson, J. et al. Nomenclature report on the major histocompatibility complex genes and alleles of Great Ape, Old and New World monkey species. Immunogenetics 64, 615–631 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-012-0617-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-012-0617-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation