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Reproductive tissue-specific expression profiling and genetic variation across a 19 gene bovine β-defensin cluster

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Abstract

β-defensins are small cationic peptides, with potent immunoregulatory and antimicrobial activity which are produced constitutively and inducibly by eukaryotic cells. This study profiles the expression of a cluster of 19 novel defensin genes which spans 320 kb on chromosome 13 in Bos taurus. It also assesses the genetic variation in these genes between two divergently selected cattle breeds. Using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), all 19 genes in this cluster were shown to be expressed in the male genital tract and 9 in the female genital tract, in a region-specific manner. These genes were sequenced in Norwegian Red (NR) and Holstein-Friesian (HF) cattle for population genetic analysis. Of the 17 novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified, 7 were non-synonymous, 6 synonymous and 4 outside the protein coding region. Significant frequency differences in SNPs in bovine β-defensins (BBD) 115, 117, 121, and 122 were detected between the two breeds, which was also reflected at the haplotype level (P < 0.05). There was clear segregation of the haplotypes into two blocks on chromosome 13 in both breeds, presumably due to historical recombination. This study documents genetic variation in this β-defensin gene cluster between Norwegian Red and Holstein-Friesian cattle which may result from divergent selection for production and fertility traits in these two breeds. Regional expression in the epididymis and fallopian tube suggests a potential reproductive-immunobiology role for these genes in cattle.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the contribution of Dr. Gerry Keane (Teagasc, Grange), Mr. Padraig Duggan and Ms. Fiona Meade for assistance in sample provision and collection. This work was supported by an Irish Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Research Stimulus Fund Grant (RSF 06–340).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Comparative Immunology Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

    Fernando Narciandi, Andrew T. Lloyd, Aspinas Chapwanya & Cliona O’ Farrelly

  2. Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Co Meath, Dunsany, Ireland

    Kieran G. Meade

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  1. Fernando Narciandi
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  2. Andrew T. Lloyd
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  3. Aspinas Chapwanya
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  4. Cliona O’ Farrelly
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  5. Kieran G. Meade
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Correspondence to Kieran G. Meade.

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Narciandi, F., Lloyd, A.T., Chapwanya, A. et al. Reproductive tissue-specific expression profiling and genetic variation across a 19 gene bovine β-defensin cluster. Immunogenetics 63, 641–651 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-011-0551-7

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