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Bacterial Communities Associated with the Digestive Tract of the Predatory Ground Beetle, Poecilus chalcites, and Their Modification by Laboratory Rearing and Antibiotic Treatment

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Abstract

Ground beetles such as Poecilus chalcites (Coleoptera: Carabidae) are beneficial insects in agricultural systems where they contribute to the control of insect and weed pests. We assessed the complexity of bacterial communities occurring in the digestive tracts of field-collected P. chalcites using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of polymerase chain reaction-amplified 16S rRNA genes. Bacterial identification was performed by the construction of 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and sequence analysis. Intestinal bacteria in field-collected beetles were then compared to those from groups of beetles that were reared in the lab on an artificial diet with and without antibiotics. Direct cell counts estimated 1.5 × 108 bacteria per milliliter of gut. The digestive tract of field-collected P. chalcites produced an average of 4.8 terminal restriction fragments (tRF) for each beetle. The most abundant clones were affiliated with the genus Lactobacillus, followed by the taxa Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridia, and Bacteriodetes. The majority of the sequences recovered were closely related to those reported from other insect gastrointestinal tracts. Lab-reared beetles produced fewer tRF, an average of 3.1 per beetle, and a reduced number of taxa with a higher number of clones from the family Enterobacteriaceae compared to the field-collected beetles. Antibiotic treatment significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the number of tRF per beetle and selected for a less diverse set of bacterial taxa. We conclude that the digestive tract of P. chalcites is colonized by a simple community of bacteria that possess autochthonous characteristics. Laboratory-reared beetles harbored the most common bacteria found in field-collected beetles, and these bacterial communities may be manipulated in the laboratory with the addition of antibiotics to the diet to allow study of functional roles.

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Acknowledgements

Technical assistance is acknowledged by ARS employees Amy Christie, Janet Fergen, Kendra Jensen Kallemeyn, Lacey Kruse, Matt Jones, and Malissa Mayer; Dave Cummings (Point Loma University) and Andrew Shewmaker (Idaho National Laboratories) provided a copy of their software “Grouper”. The manuscript was improved by comments contributed by Wade French and Louis Hesler (USDA-ARS).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. USDA-ARS-North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory, 2923 Medary Ave., Brookings, SD, 57006, USA

    R. Michael Lehman & Jonathan G. Lundgren

  2. Biological Systems Department, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415-2203, USA

    Lynn M. Petzke

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  1. R. Michael Lehman
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  2. Jonathan G. Lundgren
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  3. Lynn M. Petzke
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Correspondence to R. Michael Lehman.

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Lehman, R.M., Lundgren, J.G. & Petzke, L.M. Bacterial Communities Associated with the Digestive Tract of the Predatory Ground Beetle, Poecilus chalcites, and Their Modification by Laboratory Rearing and Antibiotic Treatment. Microb Ecol 57, 349–358 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-008-9415-6

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