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Genetic Diversity of Naturally Established Ectomycorrhizal Fungi on Norway Spruce Seedlings under Nursery Conditions

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Abstract

We have assessed ectomycorrhizal fungi colonizing Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) seedlings in nine forest nurseries using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequencing analyses of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) amplicons. Restriction analysis of the amplified DNA fragments with HinfI, MboI, and TaqI enzymes allowed the definition of 17 RFLP genotypes; five of them could be unambiguously assigned to Thelephora terrestris, Hebeloma longicaudum, H. crustuliniforme, Tricharina ochroleuca, and Cenococcum geophilum species by comparison with the sporocarp RFLP-pattern database. The remaining genotypes have been sequenced and compared with sequences deposited in the GenBank database. The phylogenetic analysis of resulting sequences and their identified matches indicated that isolated genotypes have formed seven clades. The ascomycetes were predominant: we have determined eight species—Wilcoxina mikolae, Phialophora finlandia, Tuber sp., Cenococcum geophilum, Tricharina ochroleuca, Pulvinula constellatio, and two unidentified ascomycetes—whereas the basidiomycetes were less common (four species denoted: Amphinema byssoides, Hebeloma crustuliniforme, H. longicaudum, and Thelephora terrestris). Wilcoxina mikolae and Phialophora finlandia were the most frequent fungi. Analysis of variance revealed that ascomycetes abundance was higher in nurseries that used organic fertilizer.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Mark G. Tjoelker from the Texas A&M University for discussion on an early draft of this article and for language corrections, the staff of the forest nurseries examined in the study for detailed information on nursery conditions, and Halina Narożna for morphotyping. This research was supported by the KBN Grant No. 6 PO6L 027 22.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Parkowa, 62-035, Kornik, Poland

    L. K. Trocha, M. Rudawska & T. Leski

  2. Molecular Biology Techniques Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland

    M. Dabert

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  1. L. K. Trocha
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  2. M. Rudawska
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  4. M. Dabert
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Correspondence to M. Rudawska.

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Trocha, L.K., Rudawska, M., Leski, T. et al. Genetic Diversity of Naturally Established Ectomycorrhizal Fungi on Norway Spruce Seedlings under Nursery Conditions. Microb Ecol 52, 418–425 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-006-9110-4

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