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Biogeographic and Quantitative Analyses of Abundant Uncultivated γ-Proteobacterial Clades from Marine Sediment

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Abstract

16S rRNA gene-based molecular analyses revealed the presence of several large and so far uncultivated clades within class γ-Proteobacteria, designated γ-proteobacterial marine sediment (GMS) clades 1 to 4, in marine sediment. The GMS clades appear only indigenous to marine sediment and so far have an unknown functionality. SYBR Green–based real-time PCR analyses using GMS clade-specific primers indicated GMS clades were a significant part of the bacterial community (0.3–8.7% of total 16S rRNA genes) in both polar and temperate marine sediment samples. Univariate statistical analyses indicated that GMS clade communities were indistinguishable in two temperate coastal sediment samples even though these possessed very different mean grain sizes, organic contents, and organic loading rates. GMS clade communities were slightly different (p < 0.05) between polar and temperate sites, suggesting that psychrophilic adaptation among GMS clade taxa corresponds only to subtle phylogenetic differences. Similar levels of difference were also observed through a sediment core reflecting that through the sediment core history, which spanned ∼3000 years, GMS clonal diversity shifted only marginally.

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Acknowledgments

Support for this study came from University of Tasmania IRGS funding (grant no. B0013108) and from the Australian Research Council funds (grant no. F09905711). We thank Andrew Bissett for the Tasmanian sediment DNA samples and Catriona MacLeod for access to the Primer 5 program.

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  1. School of Agricultural Science, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia

    J.P. Bowman, S.A. McCammon & A.L. Dann

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  1. J.P. Bowman
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  2. S.A. McCammon
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  3. A.L. Dann
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Correspondence to J.P. Bowman.

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Bowman, J., McCammon, S. & Dann, A. Biogeographic and Quantitative Analyses of Abundant Uncultivated γ-Proteobacterial Clades from Marine Sediment. Microb Ecol 49, 451–460 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-004-0070-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-004-0070-2

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