Developmental coxa vara associated with spondylometaphyseal dysplasia (DCV/SMD): “SMD-Corner Fracture Type” (DCV/SMD-CF) demonstrated in most reported cases

Abstract

Background. This paper reports three children with short stature: developmental coxa vara unilateral in the first case and bilateral in the other two; somewhat squared and “ovoid” vertebral bodies in the first patient, and normal to slightly tall vertebral bodies in the third; metaphyseal changes in some long tubular bones including bone fragments similar to the corner fractures seen in child abuse in all three patients.¶Materials and methods. The first and second patients were sisters; their mother, also quite short, had surgical procedures in early life for bilateral “coxa vara”; their brother, also of short stature, had bilateral coxa valga with otherwise normal femoral heads and necks, and mild metaphyseal changes associated with two minute “corner fractures” in the proximal metaphysis of the left tibia.¶Results. A review of reported cases of developmental coxa vara associated with spondylometaphyseal dysplasia revealed that simulated corner fractures were present in most instances.